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Carbon pricing, in varied forms, is an expression of economic theory known for close to 100 years, and has been proposed in climate policy analysis for 35 years. Yet global progress remains patchy and clearly inadequate, and in the US – the country in which economists most actively and persistently promoted the carbon pricing agenda […]
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the climate crisis constitutes the “greatest threat to global health in the 21st century”, the impacts of which are extremely unequally distributed. Economic activity associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions results in air pollution mortality, among other consequences for ill-health. The air quality experienced by 99% of the […]
A critical factor in determining the ecological and economic benefits of photovoltaic investments is the projected lifespan of the installed photovoltaic modules. Therefore, a well-founded estimate of the decline in power output over an extended period is essential in assessing whether an installation under a specific set of conditions can meet performance expectations. This power […]
Many net-zero emission targets by governments and fi¬rms rely on offsetting emissions. Several studies have raised concerns about the environmental integrity of individual offset projects, though systematic evidence is missing. We synthesised existing rigorous empirical studies evaluating 2,353 offset projects across all major offset sectors. Our analysis shows that offset projects achieved considerably lower emissions […]
At present nearly 150 countries and regions are ready to propose or have already proposed carbon neutral targets, and finance is a key issue in global climate governance. China has pledged to "strive to reach the peak before 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060", which requires up to 100 trillion yuan of financial […]
Offsetting has become an increasingly prominent instrument in climate and environmental policy. The focus here is primarily on carbon and biodiversity offsetting, with water being added as a new type of offset. In the discussions to date, these three offsetting types have largely been considered in isolation. This could lead to new externalities caused by […]
Reaching a pathway towards net zero GHG emissions requires massive investments in low-carbon infrastructure. At the same time, it is crucial to rapidly transition finance away from fossil assets. Accordingly, the redirection of finance flows is a key objective of the Paris Agreement (Art. 2.1c). Over the last decade, countries have started to enact policies […]
It is now widely accepted that a significant portion of emission reductions required to meet net-zero targets must come from individual behaviour change. Shifting consumers towards more sustainable food consumption and avoiding food waste have been identified as key levers to mitigate climate change and slow biodiversity decline. However, there remains a lack of knowledge […]
A panel discussion on climate-resilient agricultural technologies and practices with J-PAL staff and researcher Arnaud Dakpogan
In light of the need for evidence-based policy to build small-scale farmers’ resiliency, J-PAL staff present findings from randomized and quasi-experimental evaluations of climate-resilient agricultural technologies and practices. Small-scale farmers in low- and middle-income countries are critical to global food security, and yet their welfare and livelihoods are extremely vulnerable to climate change impacts. More […]
In 2022 and 2023, the Electricity System Operator of Great Britain introduced the first-ever country level Demand Flexibility Service, a program aimed at encouraging utilities and the general population to curtail energy demand during peak times. The DFS auctioned off MWh reductions to the grid. Octopus Energy, a utility, was the largest participant in this […]
Behaviour change is required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit climate change. Over the last two decades, there has been considerable interest in particular instances when people’s habits and routines become more amenable to change. These instances are referred to as ‘moments of change’ (MoCs). The recent and rapid increase in research in this […]