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X-WR-CALDESC:Events for What Works
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T150000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T163000
DTSTAMP:20240529T084546Z
CREATED:20240508T150111Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T084546Z
UID:10000230-1718031600-1718037000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Indicators and metrics to evaluate urban adaptation: a systematic review
DESCRIPTION:Assessing the effectiveness of climate adaptation action is the focus of intense debates across scientific and policy arenas. Measurement is essential for effective adaptation management and operation\, and indicators and metrics (I&M) are claimed to have a pivotal role. Surprisingly\, there are\, however\, no systematic efforts so far to understand the progress of science in the provisioning of I&M. To shed light on these timely discussions\, we here analyse 137 scientific publications and 901 I&M (including indices) proposed in the literature to measure adaptation to climate change with a particular focus on urban areas. The challenges we have faced speak about a field that is complex to track and understand as a result of a lack of common terminology\, standardisation and reference guidelines. This complexity has originated diverse\, context-specific and sometimes competing approaches to developing I&M. Based on our evidence\, we raise the critique that current I&M proposals are highly technical\, not sufficiently grounded on real needs and have little potential to support effective urban climate change adaptation. Our concern is now how to advance the adaptation evaluation research\, policy and practice field in this messy space.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/indicators-and-metrics-to-evaluate-urban-adaptation-a-systematic-review/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T150000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T163000
DTSTAMP:20240529T084518Z
CREATED:20240508T150005Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T084518Z
UID:10000229-1718031600-1718037000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Evidence Synthesis for Shade Design and Decision Making in Urban Built Environments
DESCRIPTION:Shade provides thermal comfort\, reduces urban heat islands\, prevents heat-related illness and death\, and\, when provided by tree canopy\, extends co-benefits to the environment. Despite its importance\, many outdoor public spaces lack adequate or even any shade\, and it is inequitably distributed. The scarcity of shade is exacerbated by the design and implementation challenges of its provision. In the context of climate change\, urban shade scarcity is a design emergency that requires comprehensive and usable evidence to create solutions.\nThis presentation will highlight an interdisciplinary collaboration (public health\, landscape architecture\, urban planning\, urban forestry) that will support evidence-based design practice\, climate adaptation\, and human health and well-being. Our research includes a series of extensive scoping reviews of the literature on shade provision\, design\, policy\, benefits and co-benefits\, barriers and facilitators\, and equity. With methods informed by Arksey and O’Malley and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews\, six databases have been searched\, 19\,237 articles have been screened at the title and abstract level with the help of DistillerSR AI\, and 2\,371 articles are currently being screened at the full-text level. Data extraction and thematic synthesis will take place in February-March.\nThe results of these scoping reviews and evidence syntheses on shade will lay the necessary groundwork for providing robust and synthesized evidence readily packaged for application by public health and built environment professionals to improve our cities’ shadescapes. Knowledge mobilization will include a Shade Design Framework for practitioners based on the scientific evidence syntheses and a national shade design competition where interdisciplinary teams will use the Shade Design Framework and the synthesized evidence to inform their design submissions demonstrating the utility of and generating interest in\, the Framework and the body of evidence informing its development.\nThis research is funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/evidence-synthesis-for-shade-design-and-decision-making-in-urban-built-environments/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T150000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T163000
DTSTAMP:20240529T084444Z
CREATED:20240508T145832Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T084444Z
UID:10000228-1718031600-1718037000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Bus rapid transit (BRT) in developing Asia & Africa: a systematic review of the enviornmental impact and co-benefits of BRTs
DESCRIPTION:We conduct a systematic review of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems and their environmental and social impacts on cities across LMICs in Asia & Africa. Our search strategy involves 3 key steps. First\, we search a database of BRT systems across the world to identify BRT systems in Asia & Africa and collect information about the operational characteristics of these systems. Next\, we design and implement a string-based search query to find literature related to the systems identified in Step 1. And lastly\, we design and implement search queries for BRT systems in general for these countries. Using these studies\, we are interested in gathering estimates related to the environmental impact (mainly GHG emissions) and three major categories of co-benefits: (i) transport-related impacts\, (ii) economic & social impacts\, and (iii) health impacts.\nBased on initial literature screening we can identify more than 120 original studies on approx. 30 BRT systems. We report three types of outcomes resulting from the search process; (i) evidence maps and gaps of BRT systems literature\, (ii) evidence on transport\, social\, economic\, and environmental impact of BRTs\, and lastly (iii) critical analysis of the underlying studies\, including information availability analysis\, risk of bias\, strength of evidence analysis. Early results suggest that while BRT systems have a more limited impact on some transport-related outcomes such as transport mode shift\, their impact on accessibility and health outcomes (particularly air pollution and accidents) alone is quite large. We compare these impacts of BRT systems to other transport system interventions using standard terms of cost-benefit analysis\, underlying the benefits and shortcomings of these systems. Given the nature of this systematic review\, we also devise a plan to convert this review into a living review form.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/bus-rapid-transit-brt-in-developing-asia-africa-a-systematic-review-of-the-enviornmental-impact-and-co-benefits-of-brts/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T150000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T163000
DTSTAMP:20240529T084304Z
CREATED:20240508T145650Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T084304Z
UID:10000227-1718031600-1718037000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:A Global Systematic Map and Database of Climate Change Research on Cities
DESCRIPTION:The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) agreed to publish a special report (SR) on cities in assessment report (AR) 7 cycle. The SR seeks to summarise the evidence on climate change impacts and the unique adaptation and mitigation options of cities. However\, a systematic overview of the literature on cities\, and particularly urban case studies\, is missing. This article fills this gap. We show that the IPCC better covers topics for which it can build on existing reviews. However\, city case studies\, which are growing faster than other research on human settlements and climate\, remain insufficiently reviewed and synthesized\, posing a considerable gap in the overall assessment of the cities and climate change literature. This gap is most pronounced in case studies on climate change mitigation. Hence\, the IPCC needs to place considerable emphasis on assessing more than the existing 20\,000 case studies as an underpinning of the SR on cities. Using machine learning to map out the topics in this research space\, we provide a comprehensive and accessible global research map and database useful for evidence-synthesis research on cities and climate change.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/a-global-systematic-map-and-database-of-climate-change-research-on-cities/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T083328Z
CREATED:20240508T100511Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T083328Z
UID:10000104-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Evaluating low-carbon urban planning strategies across urban typologies using causal machine learning
DESCRIPTION:With climate change and rapid urban migration\, cities face the question of where to locate new residents to minimize travel and related CO2 emissions. While the IPCC suggests general planning concepts such as compact or transit-oriented development\, a place-specific understanding of how this translates to the local context is lacking.\nHere\, we introduce a novel approach to assess the induced transport CO2 emissions for different urban planning strategies and determine the city-specific\, optimal locations for low-carbon residential development. We use double machine learning to estimate the non-linear effect of the built environment on travel-related CO2 emissions for each neighborhood while controlling for residential self-selection. Using a selection of global cities with diverse urban typologies\, we demonstrate how optional low-carbon urban planning differs across city typologies. Based on population projections for 2050\, we assess the global mitigation potential compared to a business-as-usual scenario characterized by increasing urban sprawl. Our results underscore the importance of evidence-based\, spatially differentiated compact development to decarbonize the transport sector.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/evaluating-low-carbon-urban-planning-strategies-across-urban-typologies-using-causal-machine-learning/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T083152Z
CREATED:20240508T100140Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T083152Z
UID:10000102-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Urban typologies in climate risk and adaptation studies: Approaches\, applications\, remaining gaps and ways forward
DESCRIPTION:The amount of scientific knowledge and published case studies on climate risks and adaptation action in cities has been rising sharply over the recent years. Typologies\, archetypes or clustering approaches have been used in a range of studies and science-for-policy reports in an attempt to structure the wealth of case study information into larger profiles that facilitate general analysis and policy-advice. However\, no single-best approach has yet emerged that allows to capture the diversity and multi-dimensionality of urban risk profiles and adaptation challenges in a comprehensive\, dynamic and comparative manner. Rather\, different approaches suggested to date all come with their individual capabilities and limits. Their synergies and trade-offs as well as their potential for integration yet has to be examined in more detail.\nThis paper therefore provides a comprehensive review of the ways in which urban typologies have been used in the field of climate risk and adaptation\, covering (a) the academic literature\, (b) the IPCC’s latest assessment cycle and (c) practice and policy documents at the global scale. Based on a structured literature and document analysis it assesses which approaches have been applied in which domains and which strengths and weaknesses have been highlighted. The paper then provides a structured analysis of current overlaps and gaps in order to identify potential entry points for the integration of different existing approaches. In addition\, it suggests potential future amendments of urban typologies based on newly emerging data sources and analysis techniques. Lastly\, the paper sets out an evaluation framework which shall be used in the future to have the proposed integrations and amendments undergo an expert evaluation by prospective recipients and users of urban typology information.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/urban-typologies-in-climate-risk-and-adaptation-studies-approaches-applications-remaining-gaps-and-ways-forward/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T083105Z
CREATED:20240508T100029Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T083105Z
UID:10000101-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Unpacking capacity for climate action: mechanisms shaping the effect of organisational capacity on policy implementation at the local level
DESCRIPTION:In recent years\, local governments have gained significant importance in the implementation of climate policy. Cities and municipalities offer place-based and context-specific solutions to climate-related and –specific problems. However\, cities also often face an implementation challenge. Previous studies have consistently found a general influence of capacity as a key constraint for local governments. Scholars generally point to the influence of various forms of organisational capacity\, namely human capacity\, financial resources\, community support\, operational expertise\, networks\, political will or local autonomy. Yet\, the empirical record shows mixed results: while organisational capacity does lead to successful climate action\, both false negatives and false positives are also observed.\nIn light of the above\, a closer look into the mechanisms linking organisational capacity and successful urban climate action is due. To that end\, yielding more than 20 cases we explore both successful and unsuccessful climate action in medium-sized European cities\, covering paradigmatic configurations of organisational capacity factors – that is\, different typologies of a “capable” city. Preliminary results reveal mechanisms that manifest themselves across typologies. More interestingly\, though\, we also observe a number of typology-specific mechanisms and their respective implementation challenges. A good understanding of these mechanisms and how they relate to specific typologies of cities will be crucial in developing capacity-building and knowledge transfer schemes in the context of both national and transnational support for urban climate action. Its implications are important for cities so that they invest their scarce resources more efficiently and thereby reach climate neutrality targets faster.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/unpacking-capacity-for-climate-action-mechanisms-shaping-the-effect-of-organisational-capacity-on-policy-implementation-at-the-local-level/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082822Z
CREATED:20240508T095848Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082822Z
UID:10000100-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Scaling urban climate action through archetypes: a city-matching approach
DESCRIPTION:Numerous city governments around the world have positioned themselves as “leaders” in efforts to deal with climate change. Although valuable\, these efforts require scaling in order to achieve the needed impact. Here\, we argue that horizontal scaling\, i.e. the diffusion of ambitious climate action across cities\, will benefit from appropriate city typologies. Typologies can foster the intentional processes of city matching: Identifying and studying pairs or clusters of cities with similar or complementary structural or strategic attributes (like size\, cultural heritage\, national context\, economic structure\, interventions\, political agency). \nHowever\, matching cities requires a methodological approach which takes into account the heterogeneity of cities and their contexts. We propose archetype analysis as a means to help research and match city types that most likely to facilitate horizontal scaling. Generally\, archetype analysis investigates recurrent patterns of a phenomenon of interest by identifying multiple dynamics or patterns\, each explaining the phenomenon under a particular set of conditions. This comparative approach enables us to identify different kinds of cases when general regularities that apply to all cases cannot be expected. It can address research questions like: To advance horizontal scaling\, does city matching work better between cities of the same archetype? Do cities with different but complementary archetypes match better? \nThis paper showcases how such questions can be addressed. Drawing from a literature review and a research workshop synthesis\, it proposes some archetypes that may facilitate matching. For instance\, leader and follower cities might not match so straightforward\, while matching cities with similar social problems might support scaling well. We posit that empirically testing such archetypes will contribute to scaling successful urban climate action.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/scaling-urban-climate-action-through-archetypes-a-city-matching-approach/
LOCATION:H 3005
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