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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T143000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T160000
DTSTAMP:20240531T083343Z
CREATED:20240508T135805Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T083343Z
UID:10000200-1718202600-1718208000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Governance of carbon dioxide removal (CDR): an AI-enhanced systematic map of the scientific literature
DESCRIPTION:For limiting global warming to well below 2°C is not enough to rapidly reduce GHG emissions we also need to actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere. Given that the broader innovation literature consistently finds long time periods involved in scaling up and deploying novel technologies\, there is an urgency to developing Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) technologies that is largely unappreciated. While CDR policymaking is still in its infancy\, incentivizing\, coordinating and regulating CDR will be critical. All CDR methods need strict monitoring for durable\, additional removals. While it is critical to learn from the existing evidence on CDR policy and governance\, there is no overview of this dispersed body of literature right now. IPCC and other science assessments have therefore treated the subject very selectively. This work addresses this lack of overview and systematically maps the literature assessing policy and governance dimensions of CDR.\nSystematic mapping provides a comprehensive view of a research field by analyzing the state of evidence\, i.e. how much research is available at any point in time on which topics and geographies studied by whom\, when and where. We use an AI-enhanced approach to systematic mapping trimming down an initial set of about 30\,000 documents on CDR to a set of about 700 that deal with governance and policy issues.\nOur findings show sharply growing attention to CDR policies and governance issues over time\, but with limited coverage of the Global South. Long established conventional CDR methods such as afforestation dominate the literature with little coverage of many novel CDR methods\, such as biochar or direct air carbon capture and storage. We observe a shift from an initial discussion on CDR in international agreements towards the planning and implementation phase of national and sub-national policies.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/governance-of-carbon-dioxide-removal-cdr-an-ai-enhanced-systematic-map-of-the-scientific-literature/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T143000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T160000
DTSTAMP:20240531T083311Z
CREATED:20240508T135709Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T083311Z
UID:10000199-1718202600-1718208000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Towards an Ecosystem of Systematic Reviews for Assessing the State of Knowledge in Carbon Dioxide Removal
DESCRIPTION:The IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Cycle has clearly shown that Carbon Dioxide removal (CDR) is an essential element of any strategy geared towards achieving the Paris climate goals. Yet\, the first edition of the State of CDR Report has indicated a significant gap between how much CDR is deployed even in the most ambitious Paris-consistent mitigation scenarios and countries’ short and long-term plans to scale CDR. The next decade will be decisive for scaling CDR\, so swift policy decisions on CDR are necessary. Effective policy decisions should be underpinned by the best available scientific evidence including technology-specific assessments and scenarios exploring trade-offs and synergies in CDR portfolios. This highlights the growing demand for synthetic evidence from a wide range of user groups ranging from policy-makers to the modeling communities. Yet\, the literature on CDR has grown exponentially over the last years\, requiring rigorous and transparent methodologies for evidence synthesis. The objective and contributions of the work presented here are three-fold:\n(1) We aim to show that the evidence on CDR is vast and fast-growing\, but very unevenly distributed across different CDR methods\, geographies\, natural compared to social sciences as well as research designs.\n(2) We go beyond the state-of-the-art in CDR assessments like the IPCC\, which have been mainly concerned with framing the role of CDR and the various CDR methods in climate change mitigation. CDR assessments have remained coarse and largely unsuitable for informing CDR-related decisions by governments and businesses.\n(3) We introduce the concept of a systematic review ecosystem on CDR and describe a community effort that implements the idea to synthesize key pieces of CDR knowledge for evidence-informed decision-making. The aim is to provide a transparent decision basis on the state of science\, deployment\, risks and side-effects in a comparable way across recognised CDR methods.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/towards-an-ecosystem-of-systematic-reviews-for-assessing-the-state-of-knowledge-in-carbon-dioxide-removal/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T143000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T160000
DTSTAMP:20240531T083241Z
CREATED:20240508T135554Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T083241Z
UID:10000198-1718202600-1718208000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Systematic review on side-effects of CDR methods
DESCRIPTION:The interest in carbon dioxide removal (CDR) methods as solutions to mitigate climate change by capturing and sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) received considerable political and public interest in recent years. However\, the deployment of these technologies is not without side-effects\, involving complex trade-offs and co-benefits impacting on the environment\, society\, and the economy.\nWe define any resulting effect of CDR deployment that does not refer to the primary purpose of CDR\, namely the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere\, as a side-effect. Side-effects can be positive (known as co-benefits) or negative (known as adverse side-effects). We consider Afforestation/Reforestation (AR)\, BioEnergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS)\, Biochar\, Direct Air Capture with Carbon Storage (DACCS)\, Enhanced Weathering\, Soil Carbon Sequestration\, Blue Carbon\, Ocean based options and option-unspecific information on CDR. Beyond bio-physical side-effects\, we also examine factors that might threaten successful CDR deployment such as lacking public acceptance\, moral hazard\, climate impacts on CDR etc.\nThe systematic review covers a range of categories and indicators describing side effects on the environment (e.g. air/atmosphere\, water\, soil\, vegetation)\, energy (use\, demand)\, social aspects (e.g. acceptance\, policy\, health\, employment)\, economic and ecosystem services. To provide a complete framework\, a life cycle assessment approach is applied by considering upstream impacts (e.g. provision of feedstocks) and reporting possible downstream impacts.\nThe presented methodology aims to provide a comprehensive evidence-based foundation for analysing CDR methods beyond their CDR capability and provide comprehensive knowledge for CDR methods deployment.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/systematic-review-on-side-effects-of-cdr-methods/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T143000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T160000
DTSTAMP:20240531T083211Z
CREATED:20240508T135427Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T083211Z
UID:10000197-1718202600-1718208000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:A new taxonomy to map evidence on carbon dioxide removal side effects
DESCRIPTION:Beyond rapid emission reductions\, carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is critical to ambitious climate change mitigation strategies\, yet the environmental\, socio-political\, and economic implications of its deployment remain insufficiently understood. Recent exponential growth in literature is rapidly filling this gap but makes synthesizing the evidence on CDR side effects increasingly challenging. We address this issue by mapping this literature and proposing a taxonomy to synthesize and compare evidence on CDR side effects for six widely discussed CDR options. The expansive evidence warrants the use of machine learning to systematically select relevant research and provide an inventory of nearly 400 side effects and challenges. Side effect profiles per CDR option and amounts of evidence per region vary considerably\, with very rich evidence in Europe and comparatively little information for Africa\, South America\, and Oceania – geographies where large-scale CDR deployment is nevertheless projected. Across all evaluated regions\, there is a predominance of articles discussing evidence for negative effects compared to positive ones. Starting from the limitations of our analysis and gaps in the literature\, we provide guidance for future studies that can build on the newly developed taxonomy of side effects as an entry point for more comprehensive and detailed side effect descriptions and quantifications.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/a-new-taxonomy-to-map-evidence-on-carbon-dioxide-removal-side-effects/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T143000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T160000
DTSTAMP:20240531T083136Z
CREATED:20240508T135311Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T083136Z
UID:10000196-1718202600-1718208000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:A systematic review on the monitoring\, reporting\, and verification (MRV) of Carbon Dioxide Removal
DESCRIPTION:Despite growing demand for carbon dioxide removal (CDR)\, there remains uncertainty around the integrity and quality of CO2 removal activities. Establishing robust monitoring\, reporting\, and verification (MRV) systems that support the veracity of CDR claims is essential to scaling investment and deployment. Yet\, knowledge on MRV of CDR remains patchy and confusing. Synthesizing the latest science and highlighting gaps in technology development and research for measuring and accounting for CDR is essential to advancing the field and achieving overall CDR targets. In this presentation\, we (1) highlight our approach for translating the MRV concept into a framework for evidence collection; and (2) provide preliminary results from our systematic review of the academic literature on MRV of eight different CDR methods. In doing so\, we set the stage for ongoing and future evidence synthesis on MRV of CDR\, a fundamental steppingstone for designing robust crediting frameworks and policies on CDR. This work is part of a larger community effort “Towards an Ecosystem of Systematic Reviews for Assessing the State of Knowledge in Carbon Dioxide Removal”.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/a-systematic-review-on-the-monitoring-reporting-and-verification-mrv-of-carbon-dioxide-removal/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T120000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T133000
DTSTAMP:20240529T113801Z
CREATED:20240508T112344Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T113801Z
UID:10000143-1718193600-1718199000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Are Payments for Forest Conservation a Cost-Effective Way to Fight Climate Change? A Meta-Analysis
DESCRIPTION:Deforestation\, especially in the tropics\, is bad news. It contributes to climate change\, but also to the degradation of biodiversity and the decrease in the quality and availability of water re-sources. Payments for forest conservation\, which compensate landowners for the preservation of forest cover\, have been proposed as a way to curb deforestation. Very conflicting results exist in the literature for the effectiveness of these programs\, with some estimates suggesting very large impacts and high benefit cost-ratios\, while other papers suggest disappointing results. Which parameters are critical for computing the climate benefits of Payments for ForestConservation Programs is also still unclear. We show that three key parameters are crucial for computing the climate benefits of Payments for Forest Conservation:additionality\,perma-nenceandleakage. We run an extensive meta-analysis of the literature looking for estimates of these three parameters. We show that one key covariate reconciles the conflicting estimates of the additionality of Payments for Forest Conservation: baseline deforestation rates. The additionality of Payments for Forest Conservation is higher where deforestation pressure is large\, and is lower where deforestation pressure is low. We also find evidence in favor of some permanence of effects and no evidence of leakage effects. Introducing our estimates into a benefit-cost analysis\, we find that the climate benefits of forest conservation programs are higher than their costs when deforestation pressure is moderate to large.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/are-payments-for-forest-conservation-a-cost-effective-way-to-fight-climate-change-a-meta-analysis/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T120000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T133000
DTSTAMP:20240531T085725Z
CREATED:20240508T105018Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T085725Z
UID:10000120-1718193600-1718199000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Interventions promoting resilience through climate-smart agricultural practices for women farmers: a systematic review
DESCRIPTION:Women farmers in many developing countries are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and lack the ability to adapt quickly due to their limited access to resources such as land\, capital and technology. As a result\, they are less likely to be able to adopt Climate-smart Agricultural Approaches (CSA) approaches that can reduce the negative impacts of climate change. Developing countries must prioritize investments in climate-smart agriculture to ensure that women farmers can access the resources they need to adapt to a changing climate. We conducted a forthcoming systematic review of interventions to promote CSA approaches. The review aimed to determine the effectiveness of the interventions in increasing the adoption of CSA practices and decreasing the use of harmful agricultural practices by women farmers. After systematic search and screening\, eight impact evaluations (two randomized controlled trials and six quasi-experimental studies) were included. Overall\, the evidence is concentrated in six countries: Bangladesh\, China\, Ghana\, India\, Kenya\, Tanzania and Uganda. The findings from these studies suggest that gender-responsive training and education through Farmer Field Schools led to increased participation of women farmers. This involvement led to increased knowledge retention\, improved decision-making and enhanced adoption of recommended CSA approaches. It was observed that when women farmers are actively involved in decision-making processes and have equal access to information and resources\, they are more likely to adopt improved CSA approaches. The meta-analysis indicated that knowledge dissemination approaches have proven to be highly effective in enhancing farmers’ knowledge and adoption of specific CSA approaches\, including integrated pest management techniques\, Stress-tolerant Rice Varieties and the use of botanical pesticides. \nTargeted efforts to enhance women farmers’ awareness and knowledge about CSA practices and their benefits are effective at increasing their adoption.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/interventions-promoting-resilience-through-climate-smart-agricultural-practices-for-women-farmers-a-systematic-review/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T120000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T133000
DTSTAMP:20240531T085641Z
CREATED:20240508T104846Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T085641Z
UID:10000119-1718193600-1718199000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Institutional innovations for mainstreaming climate-smart agriculture in policy and programs: a systematic review of barriers and enablers
DESCRIPTION:The severe and disruptive climate change impacts on agriculture and food systems will continue to jeopardize the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in sub-Saharan Africa if unprecedented efforts and actions are not committed to climate-resilient development pathways. While deploying and upscaling climate-resilient technologies\, is crucial\, institutional innovations for mainstreaming climate-resilient innovations in agricultural development policy and programs are also necessary. Recently connecting science and policy for mainstreaming of climate-resilient technologies and practices in agricultural development policy and program has been promoted as an institutional climate-smart innovation. While the success of the science-policy interfacing initiatives with regards to variety of outcomes have been analyzed\, enabling and constraining factors have not been systematically analyzed across case studies to provide new insights and lessons to inform effective science policy engagement. This paper aims to fill this gap by systematically analyzing and synthesizing barriers and enablers of effective science-policy interfacing for adaptation in agriculture and food systems across the globe and a structured analysis of case studies on national science-policy dialogue platforms in West Africa. Our synthesis of the resulting 151 cases from 62 publications and three empirical cases from Ghana\, Mali and Niger presents a systematic and comprehensive stocktake of barriers and enablers of effective science-policy interfacing for adaptation in agriculture and food systems. Science-policy interfacing initiatives for adaptation in agriculture and food systems are geographically fragmented\, occurring often at national level and in the context of specific projects.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/institutional-innovations-for-mainstreaming-climate-smart-agriculture-in-policy-and-programs-a-systematic-review-of-barriers-and-enablers/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T120000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T133000
DTSTAMP:20240531T085552Z
CREATED:20240508T104729Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T085552Z
UID:10000118-1718193600-1718199000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Making climate solutions work for women in agri-food systems: Building an evidence base to catalyze action
DESCRIPTION:Climate resilient agri-food systems are critical for global food security and public health. Within these systems\, vulnerable socio-economic groups\, particularly women\, bear the brunt of disproportionate impacts of climate change\, necessitating a re-evaluation of solution designs. Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA)\, acknowledged as a viable solution for sustainable agricultural development\, is a holistic approach for enhancing productivity\, supporting adaptation and mitigation\, and bolstering farmers’ resilience. However\, its adoption and impact hinge significantly on persistent gender inequalities in agricultural contexts.\nWomen\, constituting approximately 43% of the agricultural labor force\, confront disparities in land rights\, access\, and resources that influence their abilities to cope and adapt to climate change. Their challenges extend beyond effective participation in food production to the difficulties in accessing markets\, credit\, information\, and technologies. Climate change compounds these challenges and imposes an additional burden on them to sustainably manage both food and livelihood security. Such increasing vulnerability of women in agriculture poses questions on the potential of CSA to generate impact at scale. Gender-smart climate solutions hold immense potential to integrate women into agricultural value chains and generate cascading effects on poverty reduction\, improved health\, and enhanced food security. To bridge this knowledge gap on whether and to what extent CSA works for women\, CGIAR’s Gender Impact platform worked with various partners and experts to build an evidence base to inform climate-smart agricultural solutions that are gender-responsive. A meta-synthesis of the research outputs including evidence and gap map\, learning agenda and a series of systematic and scoping reviews on various dimensions of CSA and gender provide a nuanced understanding on how women can drive climate change responses when solutions are tailored to their needs. In essence\, the evidence emphasizes the necessity to integrate gender-responsive and climate-smart approaches for timely course correction and an equitable evolution of CSA practices.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/making-climate-solutions-work-for-women-in-agri-food-systems-building-an-evidence-base-to-catalyze-action/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T120000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T133000
DTSTAMP:20240531T085456Z
CREATED:20240508T104107Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T085456Z
UID:10000117-1718193600-1718199000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Crop\, livestock\, and forestry integration to reconcile soil health\, food production\, and climate change mitigation in the Brazilian Cerrado: A review
DESCRIPTION:Integrated crop-livestock (ICL) and crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) systems have been widely adopted in the Brazilian Cerrado. Accordingly\, an enormous increase in the number of publications evaluating ICL and ICLF systems has been observed in the last decade. However\, to the best of our knowledge\, this information has never been analyzed together in a comprehensive way. Here\, we gathered the publications regarding the effects of ICL and ICLF systems on soil health\, plant and animal production\, and carbon (C) balance\, and then synthesized them in comparable terms\, aiming to evaluate the sustainability of these systems in a broader and comprehensive approach. Based on evidence from 65 peer-reviewed publications\, it was observed that adopting integrated systems can improve soil health in the Brazilian Cerrado. With a few exceptions\, positive effects on chemical\, physical\, and biological indicators of soil health were observed for most of the studies that compose our data. Accordingly\, results showed that ICL and ICLF systems can improve plant yield and animal production\, but special attention regarding the grazing regime and tree management (e.g.\, spacing\, pruning\, thinning) is required. Moreover\, the soil C accumulation fully offset soil N2O emissions\, underscoring the feasibility of ICL and ICLF systems for decreasing the C footprint of agricultural commodities in this region. The research assembled in this review has undoubtedly advanced our knowledge about integrated systems in the Brazilian Cerrado. However\, there are still significant knowledge gaps that should be addressed\, such as their effects on soil physics and biology. Despite these shortcomings\, our literature review demonstrates that ICL and ICLF systems are important strategies to intensify agricultural production in the Brazilian Cerrado while ensuring sustainability.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/crop-livestock-and-forestry-integration-to-reconcile-soil-health-food-production-and-climate-change-mitigation-in-the-brazilian-cerrado-a-review/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T120000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T133000
DTSTAMP:20240531T085407Z
CREATED:20240508T103844Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T085407Z
UID:10000116-1718193600-1718199000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:A map of the evidence of climate change and biodiversity interventions on environmental and human outcomes in L&MICs
DESCRIPTION:Climate change and biodiversity loss are interconnected crises\, with feedback loops that can exacerbate both issues. Low- and middle-income countries (L&MICs) are disproportionately affected by both crises as livelihoods in these countries often depend on local natural\, animal\, and plant resources. They also face greater exposure to changing environmental conditions and to more frequent and severe negative shocks. The severity of these two crises\, the possible irreversible changes that they bring\, and the limited resources to tackle these issues underscore the crucial need for evidence-informed action. \nEvidence Gap Maps (EGMs) provide a structured overview of the state of the evidence and easy access to individual studies to inform policy\, programming and research decisions. Leveraging and connecting related resources and previous synthesis efforts\, we will present the findings of a systematic search and categorisation of impact evaluations and systematic reviews of climate change and biodiversity interventions implemented in L&MICs. Based on the latest strategic and policy papers around climate change and biodiversity\, the EGM covers interventions focused on mitigation\, adaptation\, protection\, conservation\, and restoration across four natural systems and productive activities – land and forests\, agriculture and livestock\, coasts and oceans\, and aquaculture and fisheries – and includes evaluations reporting environmental and human outcomes. \nWe will summarise the main characteristics of the evidence and identify primary evidence and synthesis gaps to guide future research and investments in the climate and biodiversity space.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/a-map-of-the-evidence-of-climate-change-and-biodiversity-interventions-on-environmental-and-human-outcomes-in-lmics/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T113000
DTSTAMP:20240531T074053Z
CREATED:20240508T091253Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T074053Z
UID:10000075-1718186400-1718191800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:The effect of policy norms on public acceptance of pro-environmental policy measures
DESCRIPTION:There is a substantial body of research investigating and mapping the factors influencing citizens’ attitudes toward climate policy instruments. Based on reviews and meta-analyses we also have a quite clear idea about the role of various determinants. Despite this extensive examination\, there remains considerable variation in policy attitudes that demands further exploration\, not the least of contextual factors\, which have been relatively understudied.\nIn parallel fields\, such as individual environmental behavior—for example recycling or waste sorting—scholars have long emphasized the pivotal role of social norms in shaping and guiding actions. Building upon this finding\, our study introduces the novel concept of policy norms\, which encapsulate individuals’ perceptions of the prevailing social norms toward various pro-environmental policy measures\, such as taxes on fossil fuels\, as well as policies targeting climate related behaviors\, such as food consumption.\nOur investigation uses unique survey data collected from six countries—the United States\, Brazil\, Germany\, Sweden\, South Africa\, and India—comprising 12\,000 respondents. We find that policy norms are strongly associated with individuals’ inclinations toward accepting or rejecting a wide range policy measures. Importantly\, this influence persists even after accounting for established determinants such as ideology\, political trust\, environmental concern\, and personal norms.\nIn the future\, we plan to conduct experimental studies to better understand and confirm the reasons behind the effects we have observed. We want to explore how social norms and policy acceptance interact in more detail\, aiming to offer valuable insights that can improve climate policies worldwide.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/the-effect-of-policy-norms-on-public-acceptance-of-pro-environmental-policy-measures/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T113000
DTSTAMP:20240605T102147Z
CREATED:20240508T091135Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240605T102147Z
UID:10000074-1718186400-1718191800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Coal and political backlash in Colombia
DESCRIPTION:Voter backlash can pose an important political economy barrier to the public and political acceptability of phasing out fossil fuels. We investigate the case of Colombia\, a country heavily dependent on coal exports\, which recently announced a complete phasing out of fossil fuels. Using a novel and unique data set\, we analyze how municipality-level changes in extracted coal and associated mining employment interact with voting outcomes\, looking at presidential elections from 2014-2022. Applying a staggered Difference in Difference design with continuous treatment\, we find that pro-mining and reformist parties are able to capitalize on changes in local coal labor markets. At the same time\, we find less political support for parties that promote phasing out mining activities\, pointing towards increasing political polarization.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/coal-and-political-backlash-in-colombia/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T113000
DTSTAMP:20240531T073953Z
CREATED:20240508T090956Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T073953Z
UID:10000073-1718186400-1718191800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:How political attitudes change with energy prices: Quasi-experimental evidence from Germany
DESCRIPTION:We study the impact of the 2022-2023 energy crisis in Germany. We collect four waves of panel data to measure how political attitudes change with increasing energy prices for households. Our difference-in-differences estimation exploits unique features of the German energy sector\, which allows for a quasi-experimental design. We show that increases in electricity payments lead to a decline in support for democratic institutions\, with effects intensifying over time. The study sheds light on the consequences of economic shocks on political attitudes and has implications for the design of stringent climate policies.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/how-political-attitudes-change-with-energy-prices-quasi-experimental-evidence-from-germany/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T113000
DTSTAMP:20240531T073919Z
CREATED:20240508T090828Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T073919Z
UID:10000072-1718186400-1718191800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Public support for carbon pricing policies and different revenue recycling options: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the survey literature
DESCRIPTION:Identifying policy conditions that foster public support is critical for implementing effective direct and indirect carbon pricing policies. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the survey-based literature on change in public support for carbon pricing policies when different revenue recycling options are presented to respondents. Following a comprehensive and transparent machine-learning assisted screening of the literature\, our dataset comprises 35 studies containing 70 surveys across 26 countries covering a total of more than 100\,000 respondents. We find that the introduction of revenue recycling options increases public support for carbon pricing scheme\, but to different degrees depending on recycling scheme and region. Our meta-regression results indicate that green spending (i.e. using revenues for climate-friendly projects) is the only revenue recycling option associated with a statistically significant increase in public support for carbon pricing policies when compared to an allocation of the revenues towards public finance (i.e. using revenues government budget purposes). Our findings moreover suggest that the effect of revenue recycling options on public support depends on the region\, and is statistically stronger in Africa\, Asia and Pacific\, and Latin America and Caribbean compared to North America.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/public-support-for-carbon-pricing-policies-and-different-revenue-recycling-options-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-the-survey-literature/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240612T113000
DTSTAMP:20240531T073846Z
CREATED:20240508T090650Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T073846Z
UID:10000071-1718186400-1718191800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:The Political Economy of Carbon Taxation
DESCRIPTION:Carbon taxation is often seen as a key instrument for cost-effective greenhouse gas mitigation. Yet\, we observe an implementation gap in terms of coverage and stringency. Successful adoption of carbon taxes depends on a myriad of political\, legal\, economic\, technical\, and multilateral factors. Considering such circumstances is crucial for successful policy choices to mitigate climate change effectively and in a just and acceptable manner.\nConducive conditions to carbon pricing have been studied along different lines. Quantitative analyses identify correlations of certain indicators with strong climate policy\, but tend to neglect causal mechanisms. On the other hand\, certain factors (e.g. public support)\, are studied extensively\, but often without comprehensive inclusion of other contextual variables. This makes it difficult to judge their relevance in comparison to other factors. Finally\, the case study literature offers a more in-depth analysis of individual climate policy processes. Since these studies naturally have a limited spatial-temporal focus\, external validity is typically low. Besides\, these studies rely on a variety of analytical approaches\, impeding comparison further.\nThe main objective of the study is to draw lessons from such qualitative case studies to understand when and why different political economy factors are relevant for the adoption success of carbon taxes\, and how they interact with each other. To that end\, a systematic review of the case study literature on carbon taxes is conducted\, including successful adoption as well as failed attempts on a global scale. This allows assessing the political economy of carbon taxes in different contexts and comparing them within a single analytical framework. The underlying study contributes to evidence-based climate policy by providing the hitherto scarce synthesis of qualitative data about carbon tax adoption. This approach allows for a more unbiased policy assessment and an inclusion of broader social science knowledge on carbon taxes.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/the-political-economy-of-carbon-taxation/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T153000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T170000
DTSTAMP:20240531T093451Z
CREATED:20240531T093451Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T093451Z
UID:10000294-1718119800-1718125200@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Mitigating Heat Stress and Implementing Adaptation Measures in the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region
DESCRIPTION:Urban areas are particularly vulnerable to rising temperatures\, leading to increased heat stress and posing a significant threat to the well-being of their inhabitants. Our study focuses on heat stress and implementing adaptation measures in the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region based on a specific development site. The collaborative study with VITO and BUUR was developed in cooperation with local stakeholders\, taking their recommendations and priorities into account. We present a detailed analysis of the current climate challenges faced by the region and propose a range of recommendations for urban planning and community engagement. \nThe region is experiencing a rise in extreme heat events due to climate change. Taking the demographic trends into account\, a growing share of the population will be 60+ years in 2040\, further increasing the vulnerability to heat stress. With a high-resolution urban climate model\, we analyze the exposure to heat stress for different climate futures based on a case study in the district of Pankow where the local government plans to build a school\, sports grounds and residential buildings. The analysis considers urbanization patterns\, cooling effects of vegetation and shadow\, to draw conclusions on the exposure to heat stress for 3 different building plans. \n  \nWe show that urban planners should prioritize green infrastructure to mitigate the urban heat island effect and guarantee the availability of cool areas for the population. Through a holistic approach considering different variables such as climate change\, public health\, social cohesion and biodiversity\, the study showcases that including adaptation to climate change in urban planning can have multiple co-benefits. \nThe findings serve as a valuable resource for policymakers\, urban planners\, and stakeholders in the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region and beyond. It provides a roadmap for addressing the immediate and long-term challenges posed by heat stress and offers actionable recommendations to enhance climate resilience.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/mitigating-heat-stress-and-implementing-adaptation-measures-in-the-berlin-brandenburg-metropolitan-region/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T153000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T170000
DTSTAMP:20240531T093024Z
CREATED:20240508T151851Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T093024Z
UID:10000242-1718119800-1718125200@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Progress and gaps in climate change adaptation in coastal cities across the globe
DESCRIPTION:In the context of climate change adaptation\, coastal cities deserve special attention as they are faced with an abundance of climate impacts while also being engines of economic development\, innovation\, and culture with\, in theory\, high adaptation potential. While there is eclectic evidence for urban adaptation\, we are lacking a global overview of the extent to which coastal cities are on track in adapting to climate risks. Building on the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative (GAMI)\, this paper presents findings from a global review of empirical evidence for adaptation in coastal cities. We systematically analysed adaptation actions reported in the scientific literature for 199 coastal cities to provide the first stocktake of empirical evidence of coastal urban adaptation. The paper addresses four questions: (1) How is evidence for coastal urban adaptation spread across the globe? (2) Which hazards and trends of exposure and vulnerability are reported? (3) Which responses are reported and which actors are involved in their implementation? (4) What is the speed\, scope\, and depth of the reported adaptation? Using the World Bank’s income groups and city sizes as cross-cutting lines of analysis\, our findings show among others that there is comparatively little published knowledge on coastal urban adaptation in low and middle-income economies. Reported adaptation measures are predominantly designed based on past and current\, rather than future\, patterns in hazards\, exposure\, and vulnerability and implementation actors differ depending on the income group. Overall\, the assessed evidence mostly presents coastal urban adaptation that is rather slow\, of narrow scope\, and not transformative. These and further findings from this evidence mapping represent valuable insights for both\, scientists and policy-makers as they provide a nuanced overview of the state of adaptation in coastal cities.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/progress-and-gaps-in-climate-change-adaptation-in-coastal-cities-across-the-globe/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T153000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T170000
DTSTAMP:20240531T092953Z
CREATED:20240508T151742Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T092953Z
UID:10000241-1718119800-1718125200@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Modelling Future Urban Growth Scenarios in the Context of SSPs and Ecosystem-Based Adaptation to Address Flood risk in Huế Vietnam.
DESCRIPTION:The city of Huế has experienced significant urban growth\, driven by population growth\, economic development\, and rural-to-urban migration. This expansion has intensified the city’s vulnerability to flooding\, a recurring natural hazard exacerbated by climate change and inadequate urban planning. Despite growing awareness of the importance of ecosystem-based adaptation in urban flood management\, there remains a gap in understanding how these strategies can be effectively integrated into urban planning processes\, particularly in the context of rapidly growing cities like Huế. This study therefore aims to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of incorporating ecosystem-based adaptation measures into urban growth modeling to enhance flood resilience. The study integrates ecosystem-based adaptation (EBA) strategies and an empirical model into a CA-based model (UGM) to explore potential future urban growth scenarios by 2050 and their impact on flood risk in Huế. Three different scenarios based on the shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs 1\, 2\, and 3) are developed in the context of the rate of urbanization\, restricting urban growth in flood-prone areas\, land areas with tourism opportunities (tourism is a major economic sector in Huế)\, and high opportunities for ecosystem services in the city. Scenario 1\, aligned with SSP 1\, portrays future urban growth characterized by robust ecosystem-based adaptation measures. Scenario 2 (SSP2) reflects the current trajectory\, incorporating partial ecosystem-based adaptation measures\, while scenario 3 (SSP3) depicts limited ecosystem-based adaptation. Across all scenarios\, urban land use expands through inner densification and extension of existing urban areas. However\, the topography of the province\, flanked by mountains in the west and the sea and lagoon in the east\, constrains future urban growth. Notably\, regardless of the scenarios\, urban expansion is anticipated in the low-lying plains of the province\, exacerbating the city’s exposure to flooding.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/modelling-future-urban-growth-scenarios-in-the-context-of-ssps-and-ecosystem-based-adaptation-to-address-flood-risk-in-hue-vietnam/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T153000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T170000
DTSTAMP:20240531T092845Z
CREATED:20240508T151635Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T092845Z
UID:10000240-1718119800-1718125200@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Developing a global spatiotemporal database of urban adaptation actions
DESCRIPTION:Climate adaptation is needed as cities around the world face climate impacts increasing in intensity and frequency. Cities have taken many different adaptation approaches\, but efforts have largely fallen short. Tracking adaptation progress is needed to ensure adequate implementation\, especially in the most vulnerable and under-resourced areas. Despite the importance of tracking progress\, a systematic mapping of adaptation at the local level has been hampered by the lack of structured data\, given the variety of languages and formats of municipal documents. Most notably\, there remains a critical gap in conducting multi-lingual syntheses and\, as a result\, countries in the Global South tend to be disproportionately underrepresented. \nHere\, we aim to develop a global spatiotemporal database on urban adaptation plans and actions. More specifically\, we want to investigate (a) which measures have been proposed for which sectors and climate impacts\, (b) to which extent these plans have been implemented and outcomes recorded\, including comparisons of actions mentioned in previous studies\, (c) who are the key actors involved in these plans and which voices are “unheard”. We will focus on a range of globally representative cities for which climate change adaptation plans and hazard-specific plans (eg. flood\, drought\, wildfire) have been developed. Relevant documents will be collected from previous studies and complemented by adding new data sources including self-disclosed adaptation actions from the Carbon Disclosure Project and other adaptation-specific databases. The identified documents will then be analysed using a range of natural language processing (NLP) methods\, including neural network pre-trained models (e.g. XLM-RoBERTa) with state-of-the-art transformers architecture. By developing such a multilingual text classifier\, we expect to be more inclusive of the data assessed. The expected results will add to the current understanding of adaptation progress globally\, filling in data gaps and identifying key information for further research to support implementation.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/developing-a-global-spatiotemporal-database-of-urban-adaptation-actions/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T153000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T170000
DTSTAMP:20240531T092749Z
CREATED:20240508T151350Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T092749Z
UID:10000239-1718119800-1718125200@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Contrasting Adaptation Measures: Developing Plans for Urban Greening Against Heat in the Interface between Climate Modelling and Stakeholder Participation
DESCRIPTION:The Lisbon Metropolitan Area (AML)\, located in the Mediterranean region\, is particularly vulnerable to climate hazards\, such as extreme temperatures. In particular\, the concentration of population in this urban area has largely increased the exposure to the urban heat island effect (UHI) and heatwaves are posing substantial challenges to human health\, infrastructures and energy systems\, and human and land productivity. At the same time\, adaptation planning at local scales and higher resolutions lacks wide and publicly available climate data to ensure an evidence-based approach. Similarly\, the efficiency of measures of greening the urban fabric to respond to heat extremes lacks a sufficient quantification\, resulting in possible mismatches between policy imperatives\, climate change and the results of adaptation actions.\nWe investigate how the development of urban greening plans by urban planners and region- and city-scale stakeholders can assist in the decrease of heat stress for the metropolitan area and in two selected neighbourhoods in the municipalities of Lisbon and Almada. Using the climate model UrbClim to project urban heat stress at a 100- and 1-meter resolution\, we identify particular areas of concern. Together with stakeholders and urban planners we connected the results of the heat stress modelling with existing policies and plans\, as well as with planning and design principles for urban resilience to heat.\nThrough establishing a set of policy statements for the degree and configuration of greening measures\, we model the efficiency of different adaptation actions according to global climate scenarios. The interoperability between climate modelling\, urban planning and stakeholder participation\, that is\, the linkage between land-use/land-cover\, urban planning and design principles and climate modelling\, allows planners and stakeholders to explore different degrees (and specific designs) of greening measures and match them against the scenarios whose impacts they want to prioritize.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/contrasting-adaptation-measures-developing-plans-for-urban-greening-against-heat-in-the-interface-between-climate-modelling-and-stakeholder-participation/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T153000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T170000
DTSTAMP:20240531T094440Z
CREATED:20240508T145213Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T094440Z
UID:10000224-1718119800-1718125200@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Designing inclusive African coastal cities’ resilience
DESCRIPTION:The “Designing inclusive African coastal cities’ resilience” (INACCT Resilience) project is an action-oriented research project focused on two coastal cities: Durban (South Africa)\, and Beira (Mozambique)\, both having recently experienced extreme climate-related flooding that caused severe damage\, displacement\, and loss of life. Through a transdisciplinary approach\, the project aims to enhance proactive\, inclusive and evidence-informed urban resilience in African coastal cities\, by exploring what measures can and should be in place to prevent and mitigate disasters\, specifically flooding. Based on the two city studies\, the transdisciplinary project team is collaborating with local government and communities to assess how urban coastal resilience can be conceptualised and developed through a co-designed ‘Gender Responsive Resilience Planning Framework’. This framework will serve as a blueprint for fostering proactive\, adaptive and transformative capacities within coastal urban systems across Africa. Particular attention is on understanding resilience through the lens of local communities from a ‘negotiated just’ resilience perspective. Innovative methodologies such as photovoice; a qualitative approach involving collecting photographs taken by participants alongside their own stories and lived experiences. This provides rich insight into the realities of individuals who have been most affected by climate-related disasters in eThekwini and Beira. This participatory approach not only generates valuable data but also fosters relationships and trust researchers and communities. Emerging findings from the research highlight diverse interpretations of resilience and what that means for policy and practice and underscores the resilience and adaptability of informal settlement in the face of climate hazards. Despite being exposed to risks\, these communities demonstrate resilience through innovative collaboration with various stakeholder and creative approaches to disaster planning and response.. The presentation emphasizes the critical role of intermediaries\, knowledge brokering\, and relationship-building in strengthening community resilience to disaster risk. By understanding and incorporating local perspectives\, the project aims to develop tailored resilience strategies
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/designing-inclusive-african-coastal-cities-resilience/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T150000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T163000
DTSTAMP:20240609T113327Z
CREATED:20240508T144916Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240609T113327Z
UID:10000222-1718118000-1718123400@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Offsetting and insetting in city net-zero plans
DESCRIPTION:To contribute to Paris Agreement objectives\, non-state actors globally are increasingly developing voluntary emission reduction goals. Cities represent an important group with net-zero or similar plans\, but significant variation exists in how they intend to meet these targets. A lack of research exists on the role of carbon offsetting (carbon dioxide removal or avoided emissions outside the city’s geographic boundaries) and insetting (carbon dioxide removal within the city’s boundaries) in city net-zero plans. However\, better understanding these strategies can help inform future policy on effective climate mitigation by cities. This study uses a mixed-method design to explore how cities use offsetting and insetting. The NetZero Tracker has reviewed 1186 net-zero plans of cities around the world. We use regression analysis to explore what factors (e.g. population size\, GDP\, ambition of climate commitment) are associated with cities’ choice of emission compensation strategies. Focusing then on only cities that include offsetting or insetting in their climate plan\, we conduct a document analysis and code key themes in city plans as they relate to emissions compensation strategies. Preliminary results show that of the 66 cities which plan to use offsetting\, most intend to prioritise emissions reductions but recognize that compensation strategies will be needed to offset remaining emissions. The majority intend to acquire offsets at or around their target year to cancel these emissions\, indicating a risk of only compensating in the last year. Further\, most recognize the need to develop guidelines around the use of offsetting\, but few have yet done so. Our study further explores whether and how the ambition level of city climate commitments is correlated with their use of offsetting or insetting. This research provides new insights into offsetting and insetting by cities\, which we hope will contribute to future policy development of city net-zero strategies.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/offsetting-and-insetting-in-city-net-zero-plans/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T105633Z
CREATED:20240508T151035Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T105633Z
UID:10000237-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Policy portfolios can reduce GHG emissions in urban transport in 120 cities by 20% while improving welfare
DESCRIPTION:City-level policies are increasingly recognized as key components of strategies to reduce transport greenhouse gas emissions. However\, at a global scale\, their total efficiencies\, costs and practical feasibility remain unclear. Here we use a spatially explicit monocentric urban economic model\, systematically calibrated on 120 cities worldwide\, to analyse the impact of four representative policies aimed at mitigating transportation greenhouse gas emissions\, also accounting for their economic welfare impacts and health co-benefits. Applying these policies in all cities\, we find that total transportation greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by 31% in 15 years\, compared with the baseline scenario. However\, the consequences of the same policies vary widely between cities\, with specific effects depending on the policy considered\, income level\, population growth rate\, spatial organization and existing public transport supply. Impacts on transport emissions span from high to almost zero\, and consequences in terms of welfare can either be positive or negative. Applying welfare-increasing policy portfolios captures most of the emission reductions: overall\, they reduce emissions by 22% in 15 years. Our results highlight that there is no one-size-fits-all policy. However\, with context-specific strategies\, large emission reductions can globally be achieved while improving welfare.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/policy-portfolios-can-reduce-ghg-emissions-in-urban-transport-in-120-cities-by-20-while-improving-welfare/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T105604Z
CREATED:20240508T150921Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T105604Z
UID:10000236-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Designing policies to enable equitable and beneficial electrification in the U.S.
DESCRIPTION:Electrifying household energy use is a key policy lever for addressing the climate crisis. However\, there are many challenges to designing policies to promote beneficial electrification that reduces greenhouse gas emissions while also advancing health\, equity\, and affordability goals. This research focuses on the case of the United States\, where one billion household machines – from cars to furnaces to stoves – currently run on fossil fuels. Additionally\, one in three U.S. households report difficulty paying their energy bills\, and low-income households may be less likely to adopt new technologies. New policies such as the Inflation Reduction Act provide opportunities to address these inequities but may exacerbate them without careful implementation. \nHere we focus on the electrification challenge in U.S. cities. We begin with a detailed case study of Massachusetts\, a leader in state and local climate action that faces multiple electrification challenges\, including aging fossil fuel infrastructure and high demand for home heating. We use this case explore the effects of local policy actions to reduce methane emissions from natural gas systems while simultaneously advancing net zero and electrification goals. Our analysis combines engineering and infrastructure models\, household property data\, document and legal analysis\, and qualitative interviews to characterize inequities in electrification and the effects of fossil fuel stranded assets on low-income communities. \nWe then extend this analysis beyond Massachusetts to examine electrification challenges across the United States. We find evidence of inequities in access to a key electrification technology\, air source heat pumps\, across low-income and minority communities – and show that uncoordinated policies could result in substantial increases in energy bills for households that cannot electrify. We then discuss innovative community electrification solutions that can enable cities to simultaneously promote equity and climate goals.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/designing-policies-to-enable-equitable-and-beneficial-electrification-in-the-u-s/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T105529Z
CREATED:20240508T150815Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T105529Z
UID:10000235-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Neighborhood-Scale Building Decarbonization: A Strategy for Eliminating Emissions from the Built Environment to Meet Our Climate Goals
DESCRIPTION:Credible\, at-scale solutions for eliminating emissions from buildings are still in their infancy. Building decarbonization was cited only once—in a footnote—in the IPCC 6th assessment. However\, attention to building decarbonization among policymakers and private sector practitioners is growing\, especially in the U.S. This focus is necessary\, as we need to decarbonize buildings to achieve local\, national\, and international climate goals. In the U.S.\, the built environment accounts for approx. 35% of economy-wide emissions. \nNew movements can pose an evidence synthesis challenge. Lack of published research\, a steep learning curve\, and a tendency to ignore relevant historical precedents can constrain the theory of change for the movement. The Building Decarbonization Coalition (BDC) addresses these gaps by drawing together a broad coalition of stakeholders to create and share knowledge. BDC’s membership consists of nearly 400 entities—ranging from multinational corporations like Daikin and Rheem to municipal governments\, utilities\, and individual practitioners—who are united in their commitment to reducing and eliminating emissions from the built environment. \nAt the What Works Climate Solutions Summit\, we seek to present our findings from a trailblazing new investigation into neighborhood-scale building decarbonization\, which is a set of tactics for transitioning thousands of buildings off the methane gas distribution network at once\, instead of relying on millions of individual consumers to independently decide to electrify their equipment. We’ve interviewed hundreds of knowledgeable stakeholders across the U.S. to gather and synthesize information that cannot be found in a Google search or academic journal. We have also combed through extensive regulatory proceedings\, legislative agendas\, and gas company records to surface key insights that have been buried in bureaucracy. We are excited to share these findings with the international climate community so that we can build on this knowledge to evolve our strategy from neighborhood scale to planetary scale.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/neighborhood-scale-building-decarbonization-a-strategy-for-eliminating-emissions-from-the-built-environment-to-meet-our-climate-goals/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T105505Z
CREATED:20240508T150704Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T105505Z
UID:10000234-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Fuel Economy Standards and Public Transport
DESCRIPTION:Corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards are a major environmental policy measure in both the EU and US. They require car producers to reach a fleet-wide level of average fuel efficiency. To design effective and efficient climate policies for the transport sector\, it is important to understand the relevant channels of fuel economy standards on welfare and emissions. The main focus in the conventional literature is on the welfare cost of compliance occurring in the automobile market from adjusting engine technology\, car features and pricing schedules. But fuel economy standards also reduce the marginal cost of driving and thus provide an incentive for households to switch their transport mode more often away from public transport to individual driving. By considering these shifting mode choices and their interactions with the urban form\, we identify and examine a new channel of fuel economy standards on welfare and emissions. To this end\, we incorporate public transport\, mode choice and vehicle choice into a monocentric city model that we calibrate with empirically justified parameters and solve numerically.\nOn the one hand\, fuel economy standards\, on average\, increase vehicle purchase costs. On the other hand\, they reduce the marginal cost of driving and\, thus\, provide an incentive for households to switch their transport mode choice more often away from public transport to individual driving. This causes additional carbon emissions and undermines the climate policy goals. Since the variable and fixed costs of the transit system must be covered by fewer passengers\, ticket prices rise endogenously\, making public transport use less attractive. The resulting feedback loop additionally exacerbates the mode switching behavior towards individual driving and the corresponding increase in emissions. We find welfare costs of 1056US$ p.p.p.a. for a 50% emission reduction considering mode choice\, vehicle choice\, ticket prices and adjustment of the urban form.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/fuel-economy-standards-and-public-transport/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T105424Z
CREATED:20240508T150553Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T105424Z
UID:10000233-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Charging ahead: Firm-level optimisation strategies for sustainable and cost-effective electric vehicle workplace charging
DESCRIPTION:Decarbonising the transportation sector is forecasted to result in a substantial increase in total electricity demand\, mainly incurred from charging electric vehicles (EVs). In an effort to reduce scope 3 emissions\, firms are building up extensive workplace charging infrastructure to encourage employees’ update of EVs. However\, many businesses tend to underestimate the impact of EV charging loads on the site’s overall electricity consumption profile at scale. In this paper we present the results of a case study which was carried out between the Oxford Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Impact Lab and a global car manufacturing firm with a large production site in southern Oxford\, UK. Drawing from Operations Research methods\, we compute quantitative estimates of sustainable (CO2 minimal) and cost-effective charging strategies by comparatively assessing the value of smart and bidirectional (V2X) charging\, benchmarked against the case of uncontrolled (dumb) charging. We found that smart- and bidirectional charging can reduce peak demand by -45% and -21%\, respectively. Moreover\, implementing a CO2-minimal charging strategy leads to -32% lower emissions while generating overall cost savings of -0.12 £/kWh. Our results demonstrate that the use of digital technologies at different application levels\, ranging from foundational optimisation algorithms to user-facing consumer apps as means to collect minimum battery state-of-charge (SoC) preferences\, offers substantial value in monetary and environmental terms. Drawing from this case study based on real-world empirical data\, we anticipate more businesses to follow suit by actively considering the implementation of digital software solutions for managing EV charging loads as equal counterpart to the rollout of charging hardware infrastructure. Moreover\, our study serves as blueprint for policymakers to incentivise firms and individuals to adopt digital technologies when managing EV workplace charging cycles which\, at scale\, facilitates the integration of renewable energy into the grid while simultaneously decreasing the need for substantial grid expansion.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/charging-ahead-firm-level-optimisation-strategies-for-sustainable-and-cost-effective-electric-vehicle-workplace-charging/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T105208Z
CREATED:20240508T150435Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T105208Z
UID:10000232-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:A Graph Neural Network Approach to Citywide Cycling Infrastructure Prioritization
DESCRIPTION:Increasing the share of cycling in urban areas has many benefits. Cycling improves the quality of life by reducing noise and air pollution\, improves individual health and\, most importantly\, reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The most important lever for promoting cycling is the improvement of cycling infrastructure. However\, public opinion is often deeply divided\, especially when it comes to allocating scarce resources\, such as funding and space\, between motorized traffic and cycling. Bridging this divide requires a nuanced approach to synthesizing evidence-based evidence for policymakers. To this end\, we seek to provide decision-makers with accurate citywide estimates of bicycle volumes that indicate areas where prioritized bicycle infrastructure improvements would be most beneficial.\nThe city of Berlin currently monitors bicycle movement at a mere 20 locations. We extrapolate cycling volumes from these locations to the entire cityscape at the street level\, using newly available data and state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms. In addition to infrastructure and weather indicators\, we use data from Strava\, a crowdsourced platform that allows users to track cycling activity. Across multiple publications\, Strava data is a promising indicator of overall cycling and is particularly useful because it provides street-level information. We combine this data with graph neural networks. This machine learning technique is particularly suited for extrapolating motorized traffic volumes\, as it is adept at capturing spatial and temporal dependencies and thereby captures the dependency dynamics of traffic data ideally.\nOur research is the first foray into harnessing the computational power of graph neural networks to extrapolate citywide bicycle volumes. Our work is currently still at an early stage\, but the positive initial results suggest that leveraging graph neural networks for estimating citywide bicycle volumes outperforms various baselines and has the potential to significantly inform evidence-based decisions on where to prioritize cycling infrastructure improvements in urban areas.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/a-graph-neural-network-approach-to-citywide-cycling-infrastructure-prioritization/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240607T085827Z
CREATED:20240514T094019Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240607T085827Z
UID:10000256-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:ASCEND: Accelerating climate action and support in Africa using data and knowledge synthesis
DESCRIPTION:
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/ascend-accelerating-climate-action-and-support-in-africa-using-data-and-knowledge-synthesis/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR