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TZID:Europe/Berlin
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T150000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T163000
DTSTAMP:20240529T083829Z
CREATED:20240508T074321Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T083829Z
UID:10000025-1718031600-1718037000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Digital Twin Technology Capability for Climate Change Adaptation
DESCRIPTION:Destination Earth (DestinE) is a flagship initiative of the European Commission to develop a highly-accurate digital model (i.e.\, digital twin) of the Earth to model\, monitor and simulate natural phenomena\, hazards and the related human activities. A key development of DestinE is the digital twin engine for climate adaptation (Climate DT) to operationalise highly accurate climate projections at km scale to support robust decision making for climate change adaptation across sectors and therefore build societal resilience. Another key development of DestinE is the generic adaptation modelling framework designed to empower end-users in harnessing digital twin technology and highly accurate and on-demand climate modelling capability for appraising adaptation options and identifying cost-effective measures that deliver just and equitable climate solutions. The DestinE adaptation modelling framework aims to address the multifaceted aspects of the climate adaptation process from impact assessment to monitoring and evaluation. We will present DestinE’s climate DT and adaptation modelling framework and illustrate ongoing use case applications addressing climate adaptation in cities and coastal areas.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/digital-twin-technology-capability-for-climate-change-adaptation/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T150000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T163000
DTSTAMP:20240529T083751Z
CREATED:20240508T074156Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T083751Z
UID:10000024-1718031600-1718037000@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Including overshoot risks in long-term evidence-based adaptation planning
DESCRIPTION:As climate change intensifies\, it is essential to take a wide range of climate scenarios and their consequential impacts into account for adaptation planning. Overshoot scenarios\, during which global warming will temporarily exceed the 1.5°C Paris Agreement target before it is brought down again in the following decades\, are increasingly likely under current emissions trajectories. They would result in complex risks such as limits to adaptation and irreversible impacts and stress the need to prepare long-term adaptation solutions under deep uncertainty. \nHere\, we introduce the latest version of the Overshooting Proofing Methodology\, a policy instrument or self-assessment tool designed to guide adaptation planners and policy-makers to integrate overshoot risks into planning processes. We will present novel insights from its initial use with key stakeholders at city and regional levels\, highlighting its applicability in varied contexts along with a range of climate data related challenges. We also reflect on how adaptation pathways can allow to adequately plan a sequence of adaptation measures over time based on information collected through this tool. This work provides insights on key data gaps\, capacity building needs and avenues for future robust adaptation solutions\, policy-making and research.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/including-overshoot-risks-in-long-term-evidence-based-adaptation-planning/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240603T071344Z
CREATED:20240508T134108Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240603T071344Z
UID:10000192-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Assessing and Comparing the Effects of Climate Public Policies – A New Approach
DESCRIPTION:Assessing and comparing the effects of climate policy measures is of central academic and practical concern. Existing approaches either focus on individual climate policies or the effect of entire climate “policy regimes.” What is missing is an approach that captures and compares the effects of individual climate policies within the context of larger climate policy portfolios. This gap can lead to inaccurate predictions and a less nuanced understanding of climate policy impacts. To address this gap\, a more integrated analytical framework is needed—one that considers the interplay and cumulative effects of various policy measures within countries’ broader climate strategies. \nThis paper introduces such an approach. Drawing on models developed in the area of genome-wide association studies\, we establish an analytical procedure that (1) encapsulates and delineates the entire spectrum of climate policies and (2) discerns and contrasts the influence of each policy on greenhouse gas emissions vis-à-vis the wider policy framework. This dual-phase process not only dissects singular policy impacts but also places them into a comparative context alongside the cumulative effects of concurrent policy measures. \nThis Bayesian-based procedure – the so-called “Conditional Effects in Climate Change Policies” (CECCP) approach creates a concise overview of a particular policy regime and clusters its components into policies with positive\, negative\, and no associations with emission changes. Our empirical application investigates climate policy effects across 21 OECD countries over a span of more than two decades\, revealing intricate dynamics and efficacy profiles of climate policies. This comprehensive analysis underscores the heterogeneity in policy effectiveness and emphasizes the potential for policy learning and transfer within and across countries. Through CECCP\, policy-makers are equipped with a more refined toolset for assessing the effectiveness of different climate policy options.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/assessing-and-comparing-the-effects-of-climate-public-policies-a-new-approach/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240531T085026Z
CREATED:20240508T133352Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T085026Z
UID:10000187-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:The Impact of Demand Response on Energy Consumption and Economic Welfare
DESCRIPTION:In 2022 and 2023\, the Electricity System Operator of Great Britain introduced the first-ever country level Demand Flexibility Service\, a program aimed at encouraging utilities and the general population to curtail energy demand during peak times. The DFS auctioned off MWh reductions to the grid. Octopus Energy\, a utility\, was the largest participant in this service\, implementing the initiative under the title ‘Saving Sessions’. This comprised 13 individual demand response sessions offered to 1.4 million Octopus Energy customers\, with incentives awarded for reducing energy consumption. \nCentre for Net Zero (CNZ)\, an impact-driven research unit\, conducted research into how Octopus Energy customers responded to these flexibility events. As part of the Octopus Energy Group\, CNZ has access to its large and valuable customer dataset\, providing a unique insight into energy behaviours. We operate autonomously and set our own research agenda. \nUtilising comprehensive consumer data and employing various identification methods\, we estimated the impact of this nationwide program on energy demand and economic welfare. \nAdditionally\, we conducted a natural field experiment involving different advance notice periods and incentives provided to customers for their participation in a Saving Session. We found: (i) the Saving Sessions resulted in a 10% reduction in energy demand associated with being invited to participate and\, based on an estimated local average treatment effect\, a 40% reduction from those actively opting in to Sessions (where individuals manually made adjustments within their homes to change demand); (ii) shorter advance notice periods for signed up customers dampened the demand response from these households by 25%\, according to our preferred model specifications; and (iii) the Saving Sessions demonstrated a marginal value of public funds between 1.05 and 2.6\, depending on when the grid is approaching a blackout\, indicating that the program yielded positive benefits relative to the costs involved.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/the-impact-of-demand-response-on-energy-consumption-and-economic-welfare/
LOCATION:H 0107
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240531T084747Z
CREATED:20240508T132855Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T084747Z
UID:10000184-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:'Moments of change' and low-carbon behaviours: A multidisciplinary\, systematic review
DESCRIPTION:Behaviour change is required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit climate change. Over the last two decades\, there has been considerable interest in particular instances when people’s habits and routines become more amenable to change. These instances are referred to as ‘moments of change’ (MoCs). The recent and rapid increase in research in this area calls for a systematic review of the topic. We draw upon evidence from 132 articles\, identified through Scopus and Web of Science\, on the effects of biographical (e.g.\, relocation) and exogenous (e.g.\, financial crises) life events on climate change mitigation behaviours (e.g.\, mobility). Most of the research is concentrated on the Global North\, (UK\, USA\, Germany\, etc.) and often there are confounding factors within studies’ designs and methodologies. There are mixed results in terms of support for behaviour change during MoCs. Frequently\, if there is evidence of behaviour changes\, they are dependent on contextual (e.g.\, physical infrastructure)\, demographic\, social\, and economic factors. Articles focus more on biographical MoCs (particularly relocation) than exogenous MoCs\, and on consumption behaviours (particularly mobility)\, rather than on social or political behaviours\, such as activism. Few of the papers explicitly test theories or models; the ones which do mostly concentrate on the habit discontinuity hypothesis. Future research could focus on investigating more granular details of MoCs (e.g.\, habits\, planning\, timing) and how interventions might be better targeted to capitalise on MoCs. This review highlights the importance of considering when\, as well as how\, to foster low-carbon behaviour change.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/moments-of-change-and-low-carbon-behaviours-a-multidisciplinary-systematic-review/
LOCATION:H 0107
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240531T084341Z
CREATED:20240508T132721Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T084341Z
UID:10000183-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:The Implications of Behavioural Science for Effective Climate Policy
DESCRIPTION:The UK committed to achieve legally binding Net Zero targets by 2050\, which requires significant behaviour changes of consumers\, business leaders\, and others across all sectors. This literature review\, commissioned by the UK Climate Change Committee (CCC) [1]\, synthesises key findings and implications of behavioural science for effective climate policy in eight main sectors: diet change\, reducing end-user consumption\, aviation\, adaptation\, Net Zero skills and careers\, business leaders and the transition to sustainability\, land use and farming\, and policy acceptability.\nWe used Scopus to find relevant academic literature and issued a call for evidence to experts and stakeholders in the environmental field for further input. Additionally\, we used Google searches for relevant grey literature. In total\, we found 398 sources and synthesised key findings from important review papers\, supported by relevant studies and reports when reviews were not available or recent enough. The initial findings were discussed at a roundtable with invited experts to inform final policy recommendations.\nThe review revealed that behaviour change towards low-carbon or climate-resilient actions is influenced by individual factors (knowledge\, values)\, social factors (norms\, group identity)\, and practical factors (functionality\, ease\, price). We found that ‘midstream’ and ‘upstream’ interventions – focusing on making behaviour easier and shifting social norms\, respectively – prove more effective than ‘downstream’ approaches\, which focus on individuals’ motivation.\nKey takeaways for using behavioural science in climate policy include prioritising impactful and feasible behavioural targets\, tailoring interventions using theoretical models\, combining downstream and upstream approaches\, tailoring to diverse populations\, timing interventions strategically\, engaging the public\, and improving evidence and policy evaluation. We will discuss the specific recommendations for the eight sectors and implications for climate policy more generally. \n[1]: Disclaimer: These are CAST research findings and recommendations and are not CCC or CCC endorsed recommendations.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/the-implications-of-behavioural-science-for-effective-climate-policy/
LOCATION:H 0107
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T080915Z
CREATED:20240508T114349Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T080915Z
UID:10000157-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Wikimedia Projects as Key Elements of the Global Climate Literacy Landscape
DESCRIPTION:As climate-related matters touch ever more aspects of ever more people’s lives\, it is essential to provide the public with verifiable information that helps to understand climate issues and their ramifications\, including potential solutions and the conditions under which they might or might not work. Wikimedia projects – i.e. Wikipedia and its sister sites like Wikidata and Wikimedia Commons – can and do play an important role in building\, strengthening and sustaining climate literacy: they provide a sizeable share of the global population with general reference information on a very broad range of climate-related topics\, in a place where people and machines are looking for such information\, in languages that they can understand\, on an ongoing basis and in ways that allow essentially any individual or group to participate. \nThis contribution will provide a guided tour around how various climate issues and potential solutions are reflected in the content and in the workflows of various Wikimedia projects. Examples will be drawn from various domains of climate-related research and practice. The discussion will include biases and gaps in coverage as well as the handling of misinformation and other non-constructive contributions. It will also outline opportunities for actors in the climate solution and climate literacy space to embrace the collaborative nature of these platforms and to engage with their contents\, communities or technology stack. Different forms of such engagement will be demoed.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/wikimedia-projects-as-key-elements-of-the-global-climate-literacy-landscape/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T080801Z
CREATED:20240508T114127Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T080801Z
UID:10000155-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:The IPCC at a crossroads: leaving policy relevance behind?
DESCRIPTION:The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been a crucial facilitator of climate change research and governance. A special collection of npj Climate Action have published a range of research articles\, reviews and perspectives that discuss the achievements of the IPCC\, the challenges it faces when it enters its 7th assessment cycle\, and suggestions for solutions. In this piece we assess all the contributions on the IPCC in the npj Climate Action journal\, see these in relation to resource constraints of the IPCC and the decisions already made that will constrain and facilitate the work of the IPCC in the coming assessment cycle. On this backdrop\, we develop answers to the question: How can IPCC processes and outcomes be reformed to produce knowledge that is more relevant for climate action? In this outro\, we pay specific attention to the four possible reform agendas for the IPCC in the form of ideal types that we presented in the introduction to the special collection: Back to Basics\, Orchestrating\, Broad Knowledge Generation and Reflexive Learning. We show that all of these have their advantages and disadvantages\, but the IPCC cannot achieve everything all ant once.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/the-ipcc-at-a-crossroads-leaving-policy-relevance-behind/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T080731Z
CREATED:20240508T114005Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T080731Z
UID:10000154-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Use systematic reviews to inform IPCC uncertainty assessments
DESCRIPTION:Acknowledging that effective communication of uncertainty is a critical element of scientific assessment\, the IPCC has adopted a standardized uncertainty assessment framework to enhance transparency and dependability in its findings. Despite these efforts\, author teams frequently encounter difficulties in the assessment process\, leading to unclear assessment justifications and confusion among readers of the report. \nOur study displays how to use rigorous and transparent evidence synthesis methods\, typically found in systematic reviews and meta-analyses\, to enhance the assessment of uncertainties. Focusing on empirical ex-post evidence\, we show how IPCC authors can use the information provided by gold standard systematic reviews to evaluate all dimensions that are relevant for the assessment of uncertainty – type\, amount\, quantity\, quality\, consistency and agreement – while providing a clear and traceable rationale for their assessment decision. \nTo better guide and structure the assessment\, we advocate for the adoption of assessment summary tables\, inspired by the Grading of Recommendations\, Assessment\, Development\, and Evaluation (GRADE) evidence-to-decision framework. These tables streamline the assessment process and significantly boost transparency. \nOur approach demonstrates a practical and effective method for authors to adhere to the IPCC’s standards for uncertainty assessment\, thereby contributing to more reliable and credible scientific assessments in the field of climate action.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/use-systematic-reviews-to-inform-ipcc-uncertainty-assessments/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T080526Z
CREATED:20240508T113839Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T080526Z
UID:10000153-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Questioning the use of median values in IPCC AR6 scenarios
DESCRIPTION:In 2022\, the IPCC WGIII finalized the 6th assessment report (AR6) and delivered an open database hosted by IIASA that collects detailed data on possible transition pathways related to the third chapter.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/questioning-the-use-of-median-values-in-ipcc-ar6-scenarios/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T080443Z
CREATED:20240508T113553Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T080443Z
UID:10000152-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Indicators of Global Climate Change
DESCRIPTION:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessments are the trusted source of scientific evidence for climate negotiations taking place under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)\, including the first global stocktake under the Paris Agreement that will conclude at COP28 in December 2023. Evidence-based decision-making needs to be informed by up-to-date and timely information on key indicators of the state of the climate system and of the human influence on the global climate system. However\, successive IPCC reports are published at intervals of 5–10 years\, creating potential for an information gap between report cycles. \nWe follow methods as close as possible to those used in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) Working Group One (WGI) report. We compile monitoring datasets to produce estimates for key climate indicators related to forcing of the climate system: emissions of greenhouse gases and short-lived climate forcers\, greenhouse gas concentrations\, radiative forcing\, surface temperature changes\, the Earth’s energy imbalance\, warming attributed to human activities\, the remaining carbon budget\, and estimates of global temperature extremes. The purpose of this effort\, grounded in an open data\, open science approach\, is to make annually updated reliable global climate indicators available in the public domain (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8000192\, Smith et al.\, 2023a). As they are traceable to IPCC report methods\, they can be trusted by all parties involved in UNFCCC negotiations and help convey wider understanding of the latest knowledge of the climate system and its direction of travel. \nOver the 2013–2022 period\, human-induced warming has been increasing at an unprecedented rate of over 0.2 ∘C per decade.Despite this\, there is evidence that increases in greenhouse gas emissions have slowed\, and depending on societal choices\, a continued series of these annual updates over the critical 2020s decade could track a change of direction for human influence on climate.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/indicators-of-global-climate-change/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T083328Z
CREATED:20240508T100511Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T083328Z
UID:10000104-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Evaluating low-carbon urban planning strategies across urban typologies using causal machine learning
DESCRIPTION:With climate change and rapid urban migration\, cities face the question of where to locate new residents to minimize travel and related CO2 emissions. While the IPCC suggests general planning concepts such as compact or transit-oriented development\, a place-specific understanding of how this translates to the local context is lacking.\nHere\, we introduce a novel approach to assess the induced transport CO2 emissions for different urban planning strategies and determine the city-specific\, optimal locations for low-carbon residential development. We use double machine learning to estimate the non-linear effect of the built environment on travel-related CO2 emissions for each neighborhood while controlling for residential self-selection. Using a selection of global cities with diverse urban typologies\, we demonstrate how optional low-carbon urban planning differs across city typologies. Based on population projections for 2050\, we assess the global mitigation potential compared to a business-as-usual scenario characterized by increasing urban sprawl. Our results underscore the importance of evidence-based\, spatially differentiated compact development to decarbonize the transport sector.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/evaluating-low-carbon-urban-planning-strategies-across-urban-typologies-using-causal-machine-learning/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T083152Z
CREATED:20240508T100140Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T083152Z
UID:10000102-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Urban typologies in climate risk and adaptation studies: Approaches\, applications\, remaining gaps and ways forward
DESCRIPTION:The amount of scientific knowledge and published case studies on climate risks and adaptation action in cities has been rising sharply over the recent years. Typologies\, archetypes or clustering approaches have been used in a range of studies and science-for-policy reports in an attempt to structure the wealth of case study information into larger profiles that facilitate general analysis and policy-advice. However\, no single-best approach has yet emerged that allows to capture the diversity and multi-dimensionality of urban risk profiles and adaptation challenges in a comprehensive\, dynamic and comparative manner. Rather\, different approaches suggested to date all come with their individual capabilities and limits. Their synergies and trade-offs as well as their potential for integration yet has to be examined in more detail.\nThis paper therefore provides a comprehensive review of the ways in which urban typologies have been used in the field of climate risk and adaptation\, covering (a) the academic literature\, (b) the IPCC’s latest assessment cycle and (c) practice and policy documents at the global scale. Based on a structured literature and document analysis it assesses which approaches have been applied in which domains and which strengths and weaknesses have been highlighted. The paper then provides a structured analysis of current overlaps and gaps in order to identify potential entry points for the integration of different existing approaches. In addition\, it suggests potential future amendments of urban typologies based on newly emerging data sources and analysis techniques. Lastly\, the paper sets out an evaluation framework which shall be used in the future to have the proposed integrations and amendments undergo an expert evaluation by prospective recipients and users of urban typology information.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/urban-typologies-in-climate-risk-and-adaptation-studies-approaches-applications-remaining-gaps-and-ways-forward/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T083105Z
CREATED:20240508T100029Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T083105Z
UID:10000101-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Unpacking capacity for climate action: mechanisms shaping the effect of organisational capacity on policy implementation at the local level
DESCRIPTION:In recent years\, local governments have gained significant importance in the implementation of climate policy. Cities and municipalities offer place-based and context-specific solutions to climate-related and –specific problems. However\, cities also often face an implementation challenge. Previous studies have consistently found a general influence of capacity as a key constraint for local governments. Scholars generally point to the influence of various forms of organisational capacity\, namely human capacity\, financial resources\, community support\, operational expertise\, networks\, political will or local autonomy. Yet\, the empirical record shows mixed results: while organisational capacity does lead to successful climate action\, both false negatives and false positives are also observed.\nIn light of the above\, a closer look into the mechanisms linking organisational capacity and successful urban climate action is due. To that end\, yielding more than 20 cases we explore both successful and unsuccessful climate action in medium-sized European cities\, covering paradigmatic configurations of organisational capacity factors – that is\, different typologies of a “capable” city. Preliminary results reveal mechanisms that manifest themselves across typologies. More interestingly\, though\, we also observe a number of typology-specific mechanisms and their respective implementation challenges. A good understanding of these mechanisms and how they relate to specific typologies of cities will be crucial in developing capacity-building and knowledge transfer schemes in the context of both national and transnational support for urban climate action. Its implications are important for cities so that they invest their scarce resources more efficiently and thereby reach climate neutrality targets faster.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/unpacking-capacity-for-climate-action-mechanisms-shaping-the-effect-of-organisational-capacity-on-policy-implementation-at-the-local-level/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082822Z
CREATED:20240508T095848Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082822Z
UID:10000100-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Scaling urban climate action through archetypes: a city-matching approach
DESCRIPTION:Numerous city governments around the world have positioned themselves as “leaders” in efforts to deal with climate change. Although valuable\, these efforts require scaling in order to achieve the needed impact. Here\, we argue that horizontal scaling\, i.e. the diffusion of ambitious climate action across cities\, will benefit from appropriate city typologies. Typologies can foster the intentional processes of city matching: Identifying and studying pairs or clusters of cities with similar or complementary structural or strategic attributes (like size\, cultural heritage\, national context\, economic structure\, interventions\, political agency). \nHowever\, matching cities requires a methodological approach which takes into account the heterogeneity of cities and their contexts. We propose archetype analysis as a means to help research and match city types that most likely to facilitate horizontal scaling. Generally\, archetype analysis investigates recurrent patterns of a phenomenon of interest by identifying multiple dynamics or patterns\, each explaining the phenomenon under a particular set of conditions. This comparative approach enables us to identify different kinds of cases when general regularities that apply to all cases cannot be expected. It can address research questions like: To advance horizontal scaling\, does city matching work better between cities of the same archetype? Do cities with different but complementary archetypes match better? \nThis paper showcases how such questions can be addressed. Drawing from a literature review and a research workshop synthesis\, it proposes some archetypes that may facilitate matching. For instance\, leader and follower cities might not match so straightforward\, while matching cities with similar social problems might support scaling well. We posit that empirically testing such archetypes will contribute to scaling successful urban climate action.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/scaling-urban-climate-action-through-archetypes-a-city-matching-approach/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082211Z
CREATED:20240508T090444Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082211Z
UID:10000070-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Building Open-Source Empirical Models to Forecast Carbon Emissions
DESCRIPTION:Formulating and implementing climate policy requires a detailed understanding of likely pathways of future carbon emissions. However\, most existing tools to provide forecasts for such emissions exhibit several limitations. Projections are predominantly made for the long-term\, lacking the necessary detail within the typical policy horizon of one to five years. Moreover\, most short-term forecasting models are closed-source ‘black-boxes’ that do not reveal in detail how the obtained forecasts are generated. This paper contributes to closing this gap of a lack of transparent short-term emission forecasts by developing a generalised framework for modelling climate and environmental policies within an empirical macro-econometric modelling approach that is standardised for a large number of countries but allows for immense flexibility. The Aggregate Model is an open-source econometric model builder that primarily aims to provide empirical forecasts of sectoral carbon emissions. The estimated models are based on econometric tools from the robust time series modelling literature such as diagnostic testing\, model selection\, indicator saturation\, and automatic forecast evaluation. We present an illustrative example of how the Aggregate Model as a model-builder tool can be used to forecast different sectoral emissions in Austria. We therefore provide the first short term sectoral emission forecasts for Austria. By putting open-source transparency and replicability at the heart of this project\, we contribute to opening up the existing forecasting space to wider academic discussion\, criticism\, and improvement and hope to provide crucial tools to policy-makers.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/building-open-source-empirical-models-to-forecast-carbon-emissions/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082143Z
CREATED:20240508T090324Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082143Z
UID:10000069-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Climate policies that achieved major emission reductions: Global evidence from two decades
DESCRIPTION:Meeting the Paris Agreement’s climate targets necessitates better knowledge about which climate policies work in reducing emissions at the necessary scale. Here\, we provide the first global\, systematic ex-post evaluation identifying policy combinations that have led to large emission reductions out\nof 1\,500 climate policies implemented between 1998 and 2022 across 41 countries from six continents. Our approach integrates a novel climate policy database that is the most comprehensive\, internationally harmonized\, policy inventory to-date\, with a rigorous\, machine learning-based extension of the common difference-in-differences approach. We identify 63 successful policy interventions with total emission reductions between 0.6 and 1.8 Gt CO2. Our insights on effective but rarely studied policies and previously unknown effective combinations of policies highlight the important role of price-based instruments in well-designed policy mixes\, and the policy efforts necessary for closing the emissions gap in the building\, electricity\, industry\, and transport sectors.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/climate-policies-that-achieved-major-emission-reductions-global-evidence-from-two-decades/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082111Z
CREATED:20240508T085937Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082111Z
UID:10000068-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Attributing Increases in Green Patenting to Disruptive Climate Policies
DESCRIPTION:While the role of innovation in the green transition is widely acknowledged\, ex-post evaluations of policy instruments and policy mixes are limited to a few headline policy instruments. In this paper\, we use patent family data from 22 countries for the years 2000 to 2019\, covering 95% of total green patenting activity\, and combine a differences-in-differences model with a machine learning-based variable selection algorithm to detect structural breaks in the patent counts time series. We attribute positive and negative structural breaks to policies from the recently published OECD climate mitigation policy database and find that policy mixes that include pricing instruments are most effective in stimulating energy\, solar and wind patenting. The results are robust to alternative specifications using standard synthetic control methods.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/attributing-increases-in-green-patenting-to-disruptive-innovation-policies/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082036Z
CREATED:20240508T085821Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082036Z
UID:10000067-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Bayesian Structural Break Detection for the Identification of Effective Climate Policies
DESCRIPTION:In this study\, we introduce a Bayesian approach to detect structural breaks in panel data in the context of step-shift indicator saturated models. We focus on identifying the magnitude of the impact of climate policies with uncertain timing. Traditional methods for climate policy evaluation often rely on precise knowledge of when interventions occur\, comparing outcomes between treated and non-treated groups. However\, the exact timing of policy implementation is often ambiguous\, posing challenges to these conventional approaches. \nWe propose an estimation method for the parameters of indicator saturated model such as those proposed by Pretis and Schwarz (2022) (see also Hendry et al.\, 2020; Yao and Zhao\, 2022) employing Bayesian methods. Our methodological framework offers a coherent probabilistic framework for the detection of structural breaks with unknown timing in panel data. The setup naturally facilitates the quantification of uncertainty around the estimated break dates without additional computational costs. Our approach applies a spike-and-slab prior (using a Dirac spike and a non-local-piMOM slab component) which allows for model consistency with a linearly growing number of parameters\, while allowing for Cauchy tails to avoid bias. \nIn simulation studies\, we show that our approach is competitive with existing frequentist approaches when it comes to identifying breaks in time series\, and outperforms them in terms of false positive rates. We apply our method to assess the effectiveness of climate policies in the European transport sector (Koch et al.\, 2022). Our findings largely confirm previous results\, but also uncover additional policy effects that merit further investigation.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/bayesian-structural-break-detection-for-the-identification-of-effective-climate-policies/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T081957Z
CREATED:20240508T085636Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T081957Z
UID:10000066-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Towards understanding policy design through text-as-data approaches: The policy design annotations (POLIANNA) dataset
DESCRIPTION:Despite the importance of ambitious policy action for addressing climate change\, large and systematic assessments of public policies and their design are lacking as analysing text manually is labour-intensive and costly. In a project funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation and ETH Zurich\, we made a first step in contributing to overcoming this bottleneck: We created POLIANNA\, a training dataset of policy texts from the European Union (EU) that are annotated based on theoretical concepts of policy design\, which can be used to develop supervised machine learning approaches for scaling policy analysis. The dataset consists of 20\,577 annotated spans\, drawn from 18 EU climate change mitigation and renewable energy policies and is published open source to facilitate follow-up projects. Concretely\, we developed a novel coding scheme translating existing taxonomies of policy design elements to a method for annotating text spans that consist of one or several words. An extensive description of the coding scheme\, the annotated corpus\, and an analysis of inter-annotator agreement complements the training dataset. There are various potential applications that can build on POLIANNA. Primarily\, we envision this database to be used for building tools that help with manual coding of policy texts by automatically proposing paragraphs containing relevant information. As fully automated assessment of policy design characteristics a long-term goal rather than an imminent reality\, we understand our effort as being an important first step along this way\, hoping to encourage practitioners and researchers alike to pick up elements of our framework in their upcoming endeavours. \n 
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/towards-understanding-policy-design-through-text-as-data-approaches-the-policy-design-annotations-polianna-dataset/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T081822Z
CREATED:20240508T081708Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T081822Z
UID:10000043-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Developing guidelines for economic evaluation of the health impacts of climate (in)action\, enabling a consistent\, comparable approach
DESCRIPTION:In funding research in the climate and health field\, economic evaluation has come up as critical evidence that policymakers need to identify and develop effective policy for climate and health. However\, there are gaps in research capacity to deliver the evidence needed. \nMost economists either work on health or climate/environment economic analysis and they are speaking different ‘languages’. To deliver interdisciplinary climate and health economic analysis\, they will need to work together to build the evidence base. \nExisting methods exist for economic evaluation\, but are developed and used in silos. There is a lack of globally applied\, consistent\, comparable approaches for economic analysis of the health impacts of climate action. There is a need to bring together existing approaches and provide guidance on when\, why and how to use them\, include understanding and communicating uncertainties and limitations.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/developing-guidelines-for-economic-evaluation-of-the-health-impacts-of-climate-inaction-enabling-a-consistent-comparable-approach/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240603T110303Z
CREATED:20240508T081523Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240603T110303Z
UID:10000042-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Guidelines of best practice climate and health modelling. The GReenhouse Gas And Health Modelling Studies (GRAHMS) Checklist.
DESCRIPTION:As part of the Pathfinder Commission\, a systematic umbrella review was conducted which synthesised disparate evidence on health and green-house gas (GHG) emissions resulting from climate change mitigation modelling. We observed discrepancy in conduct and reporting of these studies across interventions and contexts\, which often required assumptions to be made when synthesising those estimates. This paper presents a new checklist to promote greater consistency in conduct and reporting of GReenhouse Gas and Health Modelling Studies (GRAHMS).
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/guidelines-of-best-practice-climate-and-health-modelling-the-greenhouse-gas-and-health-modelling-studies-grahms-checklist/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T081718Z
CREATED:20240508T081332Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T081718Z
UID:10000041-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Supporting the evaluation and evidence synthesis landscape in climate and health in low- and middle-income countries
DESCRIPTION:Climate change is one of the biggest threats currently facing humanity. It is a is a global threat to stability. With its impacts in the form of extreme weather events and rising water body levels\, climate change exposes present and future generations to lifelong health and livelihood harm\, particularly in regions with low adaptive and resilience capacity. Exposure to increased frequency and intensity of severe weather\, such as flooding and drought\, are leading to tormenting risks\, as the occurrences of water-borne and vectorborne diseases and malnutrition-related illnesses are aggravated.\nClimate change is worsening already tight resource constraints through more extreme and variable weather and decreasing average yields. Sub-Saharan Africa is confronted with a range of climate risks that could have far-reaching consequences for its health systems in future. Rapid and uncertain changes in rainfall and temperature patterns markedly threaten agricultural production\, increase the vulnerability of smallholders\, and accentuate rural poverty that threats health and livelihoods. Under 2°C warming\, the existing variations in water availability across the region could become more pronounced (World Bank; 2013). In southern Africa\, annual precipitation is projected to decrease by up to 30 percent under 4°C warming\, while parts of southern and west Africa may see decreases in groundwater recharge rates of 50–70 percent. This could lead to substantial increase in drought risks. Similarly\, strong warming and an ambiguous precipitation signal are projected to increase drought risk over central Africa. The 2011 Horn of Africa drought\, particularly severe in Kenya and Somalia\, is consistent with an increased probability of long-rains failure under the influence of human-induced climate change (World Bank\, 2013).\nResponding to these challenges will require better knowledge and evidence synthesis that can promote better policy and actions that would improve health and livelihoods. Developing evidence synthesis\, evidence portal\, policy briefs\, guidance and guidelines
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/supporting-the-evaluation-and-evidence-synthesis-landscape-in-climate-and-health-in-low-and-middle-income-countries/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T081600Z
CREATED:20240508T081108Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T081600Z
UID:10000040-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:The Pathfinder Initiative umbrella review – methods\, findings and next steps
DESCRIPTION:As part of the Pathfinder Initiative\, a systematic umbrella review was conducted of evidence from implemented actions and modelling studies of climate mitigation actions on green-house gas and health outcomes. We present what we did\, what we found and what we plan to do with the findings for influencing policy and research.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/the-pathfinder-initiative-umbrella-review-methods-findings-and-next-steps/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T081453Z
CREATED:20240508T080924Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T081453Z
UID:10000039-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Recommendations and key messages from WWCS climate and health workshop for policy makers
DESCRIPTION:As part of the preparation for the What Works Climate Summit\, a series of meetings was held\, one of which was organised and sponsored by the Pathfinder team at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The meeting discussed harmonising reporting\, supporting evidence uptake\, and helping develop global capacity in evidence synthesis. This presentation will focus on recommendations and key messages from that meeting for policy makers.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/recommendations-and-key-messages-from-wwcs-climate-and-health-workshop-for-policy-makers/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082617Z
CREATED:20240508T075656Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082617Z
UID:10000033-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Comparing mitigation\, adaptation and residual damage costs under different socio-economic and climate scenarios
DESCRIPTION:Future socio-economic development plays a crucial role in both climate policy and the impacts of climate change. In this study\, we for the first time systematically compare the costs of mitigation\, adaptation\, and residual damage for different socio-economic and climate scenarios known as the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs). For this\, we combine recent damage estimates with adaptation costs and introduce differences in the effectiveness of adaptation based on the SSP projection. The results can be presented in terms of SSP/RCP matrix\, with optimal climate outcomes as a function of SSP. The results can also be used to identify critical factors determining the optimal temperature\, including socio-economic development\, technology development and limits to mitigation and adaptation. The socio-economic limits to adaptation lead to damage costs that are 15% to 60% higher than if optimal adaptation had been possible. Overall\, this study demonstrates that the socio-economic developments assumed in the SSP\, including inequality reduction and institutional strength\, can be equally important for the optimal outcome as the factors typically studied such as discount rate.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/comparing-mitigation-adaptation-and-residual-damage-costs-under-different-socio-economic-and-climate-scenarios/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082536Z
CREATED:20240508T075510Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082536Z
UID:10000032-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Adaptation opportunities for transformative adaptation pathways planning
DESCRIPTION:Adaptation pathways provide an approach for long-term planning of adaptation under deep uncertainty by sequencing individual options over time while leaving future options open\, depending on the speed and extent of climate change. Within an adaptation pathway\, the implementation of a new option is traditionally triggered by (approaching) adaptation thresholds (also referred to as adaptation tipping points)\, namely the conditions or timing when current adaptation options stop performing as desired. In this research\, we complement these with the concept of adaptation opportunities. We here define adaptation opportunities as the conditions or moment in time when it is beneficial to implement new adaptation options\, before any thresholds of current measures have been reached or are even approaching. Such opportunities can result from the cost-efficiency of an action being particularly high at a specific moment in time\, and/or the presence of (multiple) specific enabling factors. \nWe start by identifying which categories of adaptation opportunities exist based on a review of adaptation literature\, and we position those within the existing adaptation pathways approach. We then assess how each adaptation opportunity category can be measured and map the different categories across Europe as of today. This results in the identification of present adaptation hotspots in Europe\, namely\, specific areas where adaptation opportunities are particularly high. Adaptation opportunities can serve to frame adaptation action more positively in such a way that goes beyond avoiding adaptation tipping points. In addition\, high opportunities for adaptation may serve as an initial trigger for adaptation action which goes beyond incremental measures and instead may trigger system transformations.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/adaptation-opportunities-for-transformative-adaptation-pathways-planning/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082455Z
CREATED:20240508T075338Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082455Z
UID:10000031-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Lessons from a decade of adaptation pathways studies
DESCRIPTION:Adaptation pathways planning is an approach that maps the adaptation solution space over time to inform decision making under uncertainty. Since its first applications on climate change adaptation in the late ’10s several research studies and practical applications have used and extended the approach and discussed its benefits\, limits and complexity. This presentation elaborates lessons learned on the use and value of adaptation pathways approaches for decision making using a set of guiding questions related to the decision context\, the methods used\, and contributions to decision making. Based on our experience and literature review we find that: a) a pathways analysis has been applied widely and is moving from theory to practice; b) can be tailored and typically follows a staged approach; c) methods include narratives\, impact models\, and stakeholder participation tools; c) complexity of pathways as a result of multiple sectors\, hazards\, and actions at various scales is a challenge\, and this is increasingly considered through various extensions of the approach. Ways forward to address the challenges and facilitate applications include model-based pathways\, nested pathways (at different scales) and incorporating pathways scenarios in climate risk assessments.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/lessons-from-a-decade-of-adaptation-pathways-studies/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082417Z
CREATED:20240508T075157Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082417Z
UID:10000030-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Adaptive capacity in the water sector under socio-economic and climate uncertainty
DESCRIPTION:Under the impelling challenges posed by climate change\, population growth\, and evolving socio-economic landscapes\, the ability of water systems to adapt to changing conditions is critical for ensuring resilience and sustainable resource management. As various regions face escalating water scarcity and more intense occurrences of droughts and floods\, many of these areas also grapple with underdeveloped infrastructure\, lack of access to sanitation services and essential water resources for both populations and agricultural activities.\nWhen rainfall patterns change and groundwater is at risk of exploitation\, water-saving techniques and alternative water sources such as desalination and water recycling need to be made available\, which implies higher costs compared to conventional water sources.\nUsing different datasets on technology adoption and country survey data\, we assess the historical development of potential adaptation technologies (desalination and wastewater treatment)\, as well as trends in water infrastructure providing access and sanitation services. We then study the relation of these variables to socio-economic factors (e.g. population\, GDP\, governance) and climate variables (temperature increase\, water stress\, flood intensity). We use regression models to understand the future capacity to develop and adapt under different socio-economic futures (identified with the Shared Socio-economic Pathways\, SSPs) and climate scenarios\, defined by levels of warming.\nPreliminary results show a strong linkage between water access and sanitation indicators with GDP and inequality\, while governance structure seems to play a significant role in the deployment of desalination technologies.\nComparative analyses of different technologies will help modelling communities to explore the effectiveness of different adaptive strategies and inform policy decisions on the most suitable and challenging adaptation options in the water sector and the most plausible adaptation scenarios.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/adaptive-capacity-in-the-water-sector-under-socio-economic-and-climate-uncertainty/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20240529T082337Z
CREATED:20240508T075029Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T082337Z
UID:10000029-1718024400-1718029800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Adaptation effectiveness decreases with increasing warming
DESCRIPTION:At present\, we have a limited understanding of the effectiveness of adaptation to reduce risks in a warming world\, as adaptation remains insufficiently addressed in climate impact projections. Where projections exist\, these are mostly assessed in case study settings. Based on a meta-review of projections of adaptation\, we assess the ability of different modelled water-related adaptation options to reduce climate risk at 1.5°C\, 2°C\, 3°C and 4°C of warming and show that the effectiveness of the assessed options decreases with increasing warming across all world regions and options. Our study focusses on those adaptation options most readily represented in sectoral climate impact models and thereby have direct relevance in making progress on better representing adaptation potentials within quantitative adaptation scenarios.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/adaptation-effectiveness-decreases-with-increasing-warming/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR