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TZID:Europe/Berlin
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T110313Z
CREATED:20240508T084142Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T110313Z
UID:10000057-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Mapping and synthesizing evidence on global adaptation progress: Achievements of GAMI and lessons for the future
DESCRIPTION:As climate change adaptation is unfolding across the world\, a scientific evaluation of progress in adaptation is ever more important. Adaptation projects are increasingly reported and assessed in the scientific literature\, covering an growing breadth of case studies from across different world regions and sectors such as agriculture\, critical infrastructure or settlements. Learning from the systematic mapping and synthesis of adaptation evidence documented in such scientific studies was the main objective of the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative (GAMI). Launched as a research community effort during the IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Cycle (AR6) it has by now generated an important global knowledge base for the evaluation of adaptation. Next to global overview publications (synthesizing close to 3000 articles)\, a considerable number of regional or sector-specific in-depth studies as well as thematic and methodological extensions to the original data set have been published by now. With a view towards AR7 it is therefore time to stake stock current achievements and debate requirements for the future.\nThe session aims to collect and discuss lessons learned within GAMI and reflect on the implications for future adaptation mapping and synthesis. Contributions with a methodological\, conceptual\, empirical or modeling focus are all welcome. Presentations might concentrate on different sectors and regions or address the overall global picture. We invite not only contributions from colleagues who have contributed to GAMI but explicitly also from users who have not been involved but see a need to discuss potential shortcomings and improvements. Questions of the session include but are not limited to: Which methodological challenges exist in the GAMI approach and how can they be overcome? How can GAMI results be validated and triangulated with other data sets? How can the coding methodology of GAMI be combined with other methods e.g. in the field of large language models?
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/session-mapping-and-synthesizing-evidence-on-global-adaptation-progress-achievements-of-gami-and-lessons-for-the-future/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T103603Z
CREATED:20240508T080548Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T103603Z
UID:10000038-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Delayed carbon debt drawdown fails younger generations
DESCRIPTION:Current emissions trends may deplete a 1.5°C consistent carbon budget in approximately 6 years\, resulting in a period of exceedance. To inform the equitable realignment of efforts that minimize exceedance magnitude and duration\, we propose the use of ‘net-zero carbon debt’. Net-zero carbon debt is a measure that combines ‘fair’ shares of a remaining carbon budget with carbon drawdown responsibilities during the period of exceedance. We apply this measure to evaluate a set of regional emissions scenarios ranging from current policies to targets and pledges\, considering the per capita allocation of a remaining 1.5°C carbon budget from the year 1990. Quantifications of regional net-zero carbon debt are used to attribute regional responsibility for exceedance drawdown and proportional responsibility for regional climate impacts if this does not occur. Even under our most optimistic assessment of current global ambition\, younger generations in regions accruing net-zero carbon debts inherit annual average exceedance drawdown responsibilities ranging from 0.7-5.6 GtCO2/year between 2050-2100\, while those born in 2020 in these regions are expected to experience 1.1-1.9 times increase in lifetime extreme heatwave exposure relative to a reference 1.5°C scenario if this drawdown does not occur. This analysis can inform the operationalization of equitable intertemporal and interregional effort sharing mechanisms that persist beyond exhaustion of a remaining carbon budget.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/delayed-carbon-debt-drawdown-fails-younger-generations/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240606T140507Z
CREATED:20240508T080436Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240606T140507Z
UID:10000037-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Fairness and uncertainty in determining national emission reduction targets
DESCRIPTION:As 2030 approaches and current Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are not sufficient to meet the Paris Agreement climate goals\, setting more stringent national emission reduction targets in 2040 and 2050 become more and more relevant. The basis of these targets\, however\, can be manyfold. In this research\, we present a comprehensive framework to quantify national emission reduction targets by distinguishing and varying three types of considerations. First\, the interpretation of the Paris Agreement and how this boils down to\, for example\, global emissions in 2040: not only in terms of temperature target\, but also involving uncertainty on climate sensitivity and non-CO2 assumptions. Second\, we consider normative decisions: the allocation of global emissions is done using six different effort-sharing allocation rules following different principles of fairness. Third\, socio-economic and technical uncertainties also impact these calculations\, such as population projections and the potential for negative emissions. These considerations and their impact on national emission reduction targets are shown on a new open online tool\, the Carbon Budget Explorer\, facilitating navigation through the effects of each of these considerations. We compare these national emission reduction targets to current NDCs and to cost-optimal model outcomes\, shedding light on the shortcomings and importance of international collaboration in reaching global goals.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/fairness-and-uncertainty-in-determining-national-emission-reduction-targets/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T103408Z
CREATED:20240508T080200Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T103408Z
UID:10000035-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Closing decent living gaps in sustainable development pathways with strong equity improvements
DESCRIPTION:Environmental action and international development are two closely linked agendas that dominate international policy discussions. It is therefore important to understand how inequalities and basic needs that are central to development are affected or resolved by environmental policies. \nHere\, we will showcase new development on integrating the material prerequisites for human well-being (using the Decent Living Standards framework; DLS) with energy and emissions scenarios (using Integrated Assessment Models; IAMs). This provides a representation of inequalities in IAMs beyond monetary indicators\, at a country-level\, for three sectors. \nOur new model (DESIREv0.1.0) can be used to both (i) steer the construction of scenarios with IAMs through an iterative process by providing energy targets\, and (ii) assess the size of the energy gap over time\, with the related need for redistribution\, increase in energy use\, or efficiency improvements. \nIn this presentation\, we focus on the outcomes of a set of Sustainable Development Pathways (SDPs)\, which pursue the achievement of all Sustainable Development Goals. All scenarios assume radical within-country inequality reductions and meet stringent climate mitigation targets in line with the Paris Agreement. Between-country economic inequality reduces faster than in SSP1 too\, with the speed of convergence varied across scenarios. \nWe project extremely fast reductions in populations living below the energy requirement for DLS. The energy requirements for DLS themselves decrease due to improvements in service provisioning efficiency. Energy gaps also become very small for household energy needs\, and by mid-century all regions have some energy beyond DLS. We also show how the emissions related to delivering energy for DLS are less than the remaining carbon budget under the SDPs\, but much more if no climate policies are implemented. compare the emissions related to providing DLS to the remaining carbon budget.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/closing-decent-living-gaps-in-sustainable-development-pathways-with-strong-equity-improvements/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T130000
DTSTAMP:20240529T103337Z
CREATED:20240508T075907Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T103337Z
UID:10000034-1718105400-1718110800@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Breaking Barriers with Patterns: A Participatory Approach for Integrating Justice into Global Mitigation Scenarios
DESCRIPTION:Integrated assessment models (IAMs) commonly used by policymakers in climate decision-making have been criticized for insufficiently incorporating certain justice considerations\, and for being relatively closed to stakeholder inputs and feedback. Based on a comprehensive justice framework\, this work responds to both criticisms and proposes a flexible and pragmatic approach to operationalize distributive justice: justice patterns. Justice patterns are stylized trajectories that represent a specific understanding of distributive justice\, thereby representing either an Aggregate Utilitarian\, Prioritarian\, Egalitarian\, Sufficientarian or Limitarian stand. Those justice patterns can be used to analyze a variety of distributional questions (the distribution of e.g. costs\, benefits\, impacts) as well as intra- and inter-generational justice problem statements.\nSubsequently\, we use justice patterns to derive justice diagnostics for all global mitigation scenarios that were part of the IPCC’s sixth assessment cycle\, and identify the most prominent justice perspectives in current climate scenarios. Furthermore\, we use justice patterns to develop an interactive web-app that systematically inquires justice perceptions of stakeholders.\nWe find that the app is effective in making justice discussions more accessible and tangible. We further find that what is perceived as just varies depending on the distributed object and that Aggregate Utilitarian – represented by growth in all regions – is not a preferred option.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/breaking-barriers-with-patterns-a-participatory-approach-for-integrating-justice-into-global-mitigation-scenarios/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240604T084226Z
CREATED:20240604T084226Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240604T084226Z
UID:10000297-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Climate benefits of bio-based urban construction
DESCRIPTION:The building sector is responsible for almost 40% of global energy-related CO2 emissions (UNEP 2023). If the built environment was constructed with bio-based materials\, it could store significant amounts of carbon in the long term. The transition towards a net-zero built environment could be advanced if the materials are sourced from regional forests. We therefore propose an approach to quantify and match the supply and demand for bio-based building materials for urban agglomerations across the world. A key feature is to be spatially explicit\, thus exploring the potential for demand to be met by regional supplies\, considering the ‘shortening’ of supply chains. The model first aims estimates the potential for regionally sourced bio-based materials to meet the material demand of a transition to a bio-based built environment. Timber Supply is estimated through a statistical model\, mapping the potential production. The demand-side is quantified using generalised building typologies linked to high-resolution earth observation datasets for urban agglomerations. To project future demand\, scenarios are developed considering key socio-economic developments such as future floor area demands or the adoption of timber construction to outline possible future trajectories. In order to match the supply and demand\, a spatially explicit supply-demand balance algorithm is applied to identify regional forest areas needed to theoretically supply future urban construction. Finally\, carbon sinks and substitution effects of a timber-based built environment are quantified using LCA approaches. The scenario-based results provide an overview of the potential of future bio-based construction and associated carbon benefits at the urban scale.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/climate-benefits-of-bio-based-urban-construction/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240607T085827Z
CREATED:20240514T094019Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240607T085827Z
UID:10000256-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:ASCEND: Accelerating climate action and support in Africa using data and knowledge synthesis
DESCRIPTION:
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/ascend-accelerating-climate-action-and-support-in-africa-using-data-and-knowledge-synthesis/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240531T075437Z
CREATED:20240508T142252Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T075437Z
UID:10000215-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Impact assessment of food-system policies
DESCRIPTION:Current food systems are neither healthy\, nor sustainable. Without changes towards healthier and more sustainable food systems\, it is unlikely that dangerous levels of climate change can be avoided. In my presentation\, I provide an overview of food-system policies that can contribute to transforming food systems. This includes analyses of the health and environmental implications of a set of informational and fiscal policies. They include changes in dietary guidelines\, the emissions or health pricing of foods\, reforms of value-added taxation\, reform of agricultural subsidies\, and reform of trade agreements. For each of these policies\, I will discuss their potential impacts at global and regional levels based on quantitative modelling assessments I have conducted.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/impact-assessment-of-food-system-policies/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240531T075332Z
CREATED:20240508T142124Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T075332Z
UID:10000214-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Climate risk assessment and project planning for agri-food system development: An interactive tool for identifying promising adaptation options
DESCRIPTION:Adaptation to climate change in the agriculture sector is a complex challenge due to the many different negative effects on food production caused by climate variability and change. Using an impact chain approach can help agricultural development program planners understand the network of interlinked challenges facing farmers\, but developing these chains and identifying appropriate adaptation options is a time- and resource-intensive process. This session will present the development of an interactive data exploration and data visualisation tool created to aid project planners in mainstreaming climate adaptation considerations in their agricultural programming using an impact chain approach and ontology-based data access (OBDA) technology. The resulting tool\, dubbed Climate Risk Planning and Managing Tool for Development Programmes in Agri-Food Systems\, or simply CRISP\, uses a curated repository of peer-reviewed and scientific literature combined with expert opinion on climatic hazards\, impacts\, vulnerabilities and adaptation options in agriculture for a wide range of agricultural systems across the developing world. This presentation will give an overview of the development of the tool\, the challenges faced and how they were addressed\, and will use short case study examples to showcase the tool’s potential.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/climate-risk-assessment-and-project-planning-for-agri-food-system-development-an-interactive-tool-for-identifying-promising-adaptation-options/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T102336Z
CREATED:20240508T132428Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T102336Z
UID:10000182-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Reducing cost of capital to finance the energy transition in developing countries: a multi-model analysis
DESCRIPTION:Climate stabilisation requires mobilising significant investments in low- and zero-carbon technologies\, especially in emerging and developing economies. However\, access to stable and affordable finance varies dramatically across countries. Models used to evaluate the energy transition do not differentiate regional financing costs and therefore cannot study risk-sharing mechanisms for renewable electricity generation. Here\, we first incorporate empirically estimated cost of capital (CoC) differentiated by country and technology in an ensemble of five global climate-energy-economy models (GCAM\, IMACLIM\, IMAGE\, TIAM\, and WITCH)\, which allows us to identify results robust to structural uncertainty. Subsequently we add a time dimension through financing experience curves\, i.e. a learning-by-doing process for CoC. This realistic costs of capital imply higher financing costs for developing regions compared to others\, so we explore a scenario of reducing these costs: the CoC of electricity generation in developing countries converges to that of the global North by 2050\, i.e. a future world in which international access to energy financing is equal. We explore scenarios under two climate policy scenarios\, in which the world follows Nationally Determined Contributions or is 1.5°C compliant.\nThe effects of the modelled cost of capital convergence policy are multifaceted. The direct outcome is the significant reduction of CoC in the global South. This produces interesting dynamics in the climate-economy and in the equity domains. Within the former\, more renewable electricity is generated in developing countries\, which increases mitigation or reduces its cost\, depending on the climate policy scenario. Moreover\, these changes clearly improve the energy justice of the green transition\, by decreasing inequality along dimensions like energy expenditure and access to modern electricity generation.\nTherefore\, we find significant climate and equity benefits of alleviating financial constraints. The proposed methods can help to model financial constraints more realistically and opens up new avenues for shaping international climate policies.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/reducing-cost-of-capital-to-finance-the-energy-transition-in-developing-countries-a-multi-model-analysis/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T102306Z
CREATED:20240508T132312Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T102306Z
UID:10000181-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Climate ambition\, background scenario or the model? Attribution of the variance of energy-related indicators in global scenarios
DESCRIPTION:We attribute variations in key energy sector indicators across global climate mitigation scenarios to climate ambition\, assumptions in background socioeconomic scenarios\, differences between models and an unattributed portion that depends on the interaction between these. The scenarios assessed have been generated by Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) as part of a model intercomparison project exploring the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) used by the climate science community. Climate ambition plays the most significant role in explaining many energy-related indicators\, particularly those relevant to overall energy supply\, the use of fossil fuels\, final energy carriers and emissions. The role of socioeconomic background scenarios is more prominent for indicators influenced by population and GDP growth\, such as those relating to final energy demand and nuclear energy. Variations across some indicators\, including hydro\, solar and wind generation\, are largely attributable to inter-model differences. Our Shapley–Owen decomposition gives an unexplained residual not due to the average effects of the other factors\, highlighting some indicators (such as the use of carbon capture and storage (CCS) for fossil fuels\, or adopting hydrogen as an energy carrier) with outlier results for particular ambition-scenario-model combinations. This suggests guidance to policymakers on these indicators is the least robust. \nHighlights\n• We attribute variation across global climate mitigation scenarios to three factors. \n• The three factors are climate ambition\, scenario background and model choice. \n• Many indicators are well-explained by the average effects of one or two factors. \n• We also calculate the residual not explained by these average effects. \n• This shows which indicators give outliers for some specific input combinations.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/climate-ambition-background-scenario-or-the-model-attribution-of-the-variance-of-energy-related-indicators-in-global-scenarios/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T102222Z
CREATED:20240508T132214Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T102222Z
UID:10000180-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Addressing path dependence in emissions-economy models for emerging economies: Implications for identifying low-carbon development pathways
DESCRIPTION:Emissions-economy models are widely used for informing low-carbon development policies and targets. These models typically use historical data sets to quantify interrelationships among key variables\, which are then used to translate inputs into forward-looking projections. While such models have been extensively applied in developed countries\, they are also being increasingly deployed in developing countries. These countries are witness to rapid – often uneven – economic growth\, as they transition from predominantly agrarian and low-quality manufacturing to industrialised or services-dominated economies. Given these upcoming structural shifts\, the interrelationships among variables that have been quantified using historical data are likely to be rapidly outdated. As a result\, the internal formulae by which such models translate assumptions into projections may not be fit for purpose. \nUsing a two-part approach\, this paper argues that this path dependence embedded into model constructs can lead to constrained projections for developing countries\, thereby risking misaligned policies. Primarily\, studying six recent emissions-economy modelling studies conducted for India\, this paper illustrates how development choices – which are baked into model constructs – largely shape projected emissions\, energy demand\, power generation\, investment requirements\, and employment implications\, and thereby inform recommendations for India’s low-carbon transition policies. Within this\, the paper explores the shifting interrelationships among three major structural variables that strongly reflect India’s future development pathway – urbanization\, shares of economic output from different activities\, and total factor productivity – to show that most existing models for India overdetermine its future pathway through their internal design choices. \nThe paper highlights how modelling of low-carbon pathways for developing countries carries these additional complexities\, and suggests rethinking how models developed for the global North are used in more structurally evolving countries such as India\, incorporating greater flexibility\, allowing for more explicit structural variations\, and encouraging greater uncertainty analyses.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/addressing-path-dependence-in-emissions-economy-models-for-emerging-economies-implications-for-identifying-low-carbon-development-pathways/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T102152Z
CREATED:20240508T132031Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T102152Z
UID:10000179-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Towards Effective Subnational Climate Policy: A Systematic Five-Step Analytical Approach Based on Evidence from German States
DESCRIPTION:While much of the discussion focuses on international and national climate policy\, achieving international climate goals will also require rigorous climate policy action at the subnational level. However\, it is challenging to evaluate and formulate the level and type of subnational action required within this complex and interconnected multi-level context. Synthesising insights from projects in the German states of Saxony and Rhineland-Palatinate\, we propose a five-step analytical approach to derive effective and targeted climate policy measures for the state level. The first step involves scenario modelling and model synthesis to establish an analytical reference point. In this context\, we advocate for the derivation of state and sector-level carbon dioxide (CO2) budgets aligned with Paris Agreement requirements to underscore the necessary climate policy ambition. Secondly\, a scenario comparison is used to discern sectors where government intervention is particularly imperative. The third step identifies goal-oriented strategies that subnational climate policies should target. Fourth\, a barrier and stakeholder analysis pinpoints priority areas for action. Lastly\, recommendations for action are derived from a systematic synthesis of the preceding steps. Taken together\, this approach promises a systematic and evidence-based method for crafting subnational climate policies\, contributing to the overall effectiveness of climate change mitigation efforts.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/towards-effective-subnational-climate-policy-a-systematic-five-step-analytical-approach-based-on-evidence-from-german-states/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T102016Z
CREATED:20240508T131728Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T102016Z
UID:10000177-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Maximizing the Contribution of Aviation to 2050 Net-Zero Emission Reduction Pathways through Evidence-Based Policy
DESCRIPTION:The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and multiple influential trade groups such as the International Air Transport Association (IATA) have announced goals to make aviation net-zero by 2050. However\, in most net-zero pathways aviation is still considered a hard-to-abate sector that is unlikely to contribute meaningfully to emissions reductions in this timeframe. Designing ambitious policies that can achieve dramatic cuts in aviation emissions requires granular empirical evidence on current innovations\, investments\, commitments\, flight routes\, and other actions across a range of stakeholders. Here\, we build a novel evidence base combining data on aviation start-ups\, corporate commitments\, and demonstration projects and combine it with a sectoral and integrated assessment model to evaluate how policy action scenarios can accelerate emissions abatement in the aviation industry. \nWe use the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM)\, a technology-rich integrated assessment model\, to investigate different technology and policy pathways to decarbonize the aviation sector in the US and EU. We focus on sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) and novel aircraft designs (electric and hydrogen planes) as the primary abatement technologies\, separating policy actions into technology supply and demand-side categories and accounting for different levels of corporate ambition. We use granular data inputs from i3 Cleantech on aviation start-ups and ICAO on technology development and corporate adoption to quantify the scaling potential of abatement technologies. \nOur results show that while complete decarbonization of aviation may be difficult and costly\, the sector can deliver emissions reductions that limit the need for offsetting in net-zero pathways. Full decarbonization of the aviation sector will likely place additional burdens on biofuel production and scaling of clean electricity generation unless coupled with demand reduction policies such as mode shifting. Combining an evidence base with policy scenarios can allow policymakers to design and gauge the role of aviation in net-zero pathways more accurately.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/maximizing-the-contribution-of-aviation-to-2050-net-zero-emission-reduction-pathways-through-evidence-based-policy/
LOCATION:H 0110
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240531T073601Z
CREATED:20240508T115253Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T073601Z
UID:10000162-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:The Social\, Economic\, and Political Trade-offs of Climate Change Adaptation in Uganda: Towards building resilient communities
DESCRIPTION:Worldwide and Uganda in particular\, climate change continues pose significant challenges to communities. The changing climate\, characterized by erratic rainfall patterns\, prolonged droughts\, land degradation\, and extreme weather events have adversely affected agriculture\, water resources management\, public health\, and infrastructure development. To address these challenges\, various initiatives have been implemented by state actors\, non-state actors\, and local farmers in Uganda. Drawing on a mixed methods study involving over 1500 respondents\, my presentation will examine the social\, economic\, and political trade-offs of climate change adaptation in Uganda. The findings show that while some individuals possess knowledge of adaptive practices through traditional wisdom or local innovations\, others lack access to information or resources necessary for effective adaptation measures. This creates disparities in adaptive capacities among different groups. Gender dynamics and socioeconomic disparities also play a role in exacerbating social inequalities during the adaptation process. Economically disadvantaged smallholder farmers who rely heavily on rain-fed agriculture struggle to invest in technologies that could enhance their adaptive capacities due to financial constraints. Balancing short-term livelihood needs with long-term investments becomes a complex trade-off that policymakers must address. The political dimension of climate change adaptation explores the governance structures required for effective planning and implementation. Coordinated efforts among multiple stakeholders including government agencies at national and local levels as well as civil society organizations are crucial for successful adaptation. However\, “”policy implementation gaps”” often hinder progress due to limited institutional capacity or conflicting priorities across sectors.\nThe presentation emphasizes the importance of integrated approaches that consider the interlinkages between social equity (including gender dynamics)\, economic realities (such as financial constraints)\, and political frameworks in climate change adaptation strategies. Understanding these complexities can help policymakers and practitioners develop more robust approaches that maximize benefits while minimizing negative consequences.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/the-social-economic-and-political-trade-offs-of-climate-change-adaptation-in-uganda-towards-building-resilient-communities/
LOCATION:H 3005
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T102851Z
CREATED:20240508T113340Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T102851Z
UID:10000151-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Public preferences for phasing-out fossil fuels in the German building and transport sectors
DESCRIPTION:In most of Europe\, the decarbonisation of the building and transport sectors lags behind emission targets. Achieving full decarbonisation requires not only the diffusion of net-zero emission technologies but also the phase-out of technologies that emit greenhouse gases (GHG). However\, implementing policy changes in these sectors can have an immediate and significant impact on people’s day-to-day life\, leading to a higher risk of political backlash\, as exemplified by the yellow vest movement in France. In this study\, we investigate public preferences for phase-out policy packages in both sectors in Germany by conducting two conjoint experiments with 1\,777 respondents in March 2022. Respondents collectively evaluated a total of 17\,770 policy packages per sector\, specifically targeting the phase-out of fossil fuel-based heating systems and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). We find that respondents favour earlier phase-out dates for both technologies\, but the type of preferred instruments varies: while regulatory instruments like bans are preferred for heating systems\, economic instruments like taxes are preferred for ICEVs. These preferences are even more pronounced in people most concerned about climate change. In addition\, we find that people with higher knowledge about sector emissions tend to demonstrate higher acceptance of policy interventions and that supportive measures significantly enhance the attractiveness of policy packages. Our findings can inform the design of phase-out policy packages\, potentially increasing their acceptability and political feasibility.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/public-preferences-for-phasing-out-fossil-fuels-in-the-german-building-and-transport-sectors/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T102714Z
CREATED:20240508T113028Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T102714Z
UID:10000148-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Unraveling the Link Between Political Discourse on Climate Change in EU Party Manifestos and Climate Policy Implementation
DESCRIPTION:How do political parties discuss climate change and climate policies in their manifestos? To what extent does such discourse correlate with countries’ climate policy output? With more ambitious climate action required to achieve global climate mitigation goals\, climate change has become increasingly salient in the political arena. However\, the literature currently lacks a comprehensives analysis of EU parties’ climate policy positions and of the extent to which parties’ electoral programs are translated into climate policy output. In this paper\, we build a dataset of party positions on climate change and climate policy instruments for most parties active in all EU countries from 1980 to 2021. To do so\, we test and apply a set of multilingual transformers to the corpus of political manifestos made available by the Manifesto Project. To test the correlation between political discourse in the electoral manifestos of winning coalitions and the amount and stringency of climate policies that are actually implemented\, we combine our dataset on party positions with data on implemented climate policies made available by the OECD Climate Actions and Policy Measurement Framework. With this paper\, we make the following contributions: 1) The expansion of the Manifesto Project dataset to include specific climate policy variables for EU countries; 2) The implementation of an efficient and replicable pipeline for multilingual and multiclass text classification for political discourse; and 3) The evaluation of correlations between party positions on climate policy and actual climate mitigation policy outcomes.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/unraveling-the-link-between-political-discourse-on-climate-change-in-eu-party-manifestos-and-climate-policy-implementation/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T102648Z
CREATED:20240508T112925Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T102648Z
UID:10000147-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Breaching the social contract? Insights on the public acceptability of fossil fuel subsidy removal in Colombia
DESCRIPTION:The elimination of fossil fuel subsidies presents a practical strategy for global south countries to bolster climate mitigation endeavours. In our research paper\, we delve into the crucial role of public attitude toward the subsidy removal in Colombia. Since 2022\, the Colombian government has gradually elevated gasoline prices to align with global market rates\, aligning with its aspiration to become a carbon neutral society. A parallel initiative for diesel prices is slated for implementation in this year. \nWhile fuel subsidies historically aimed to support vulnerable households\, their primary beneficiaries are high-income households that consume greater amounts of fossil energy. The elimination of these subsidies raises concerns about the government’s fulfilment of its social contract\, for instance if adequate replacements for poor and vulnerable households are lacking. Other instances\, such as those in Ecuador\, France\, Nigeria\, and more recently Germany\, illustrate how the elimination of subsidies incite widespread protests with broad societal support\, highlighting their role in the countries’ social contract. \nOur research adopts a mixed-method approach to assess the public acceptability of the elimination process and its implications for Colombia’s social contract. We conduct interviews with stakeholders involved in or affected by the process to gather diverse perspectives on the impact of subsidy removal on the social contract. Additionally\, we explore alternative reform designs that could enhance public acceptability. Using insights from these interviews\, we design a discrete choice experiment to test various reform options\, aiming to identify alternatives that effectively improve public attitudes toward the policy.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/breaching-the-social-contract-insights-on-the-public-acceptability-of-fossil-fuel-subsidy-removal-in-colombia/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T102620Z
CREATED:20240508T112816Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T102620Z
UID:10000146-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:A Systematic Review of the Literature on Determinants of Public Acceptance of Climate Policies
DESCRIPTION:Mitigating dangerous climate change will require a rapid decarbonisation of the world economy\, with emissions brought to net zero levels within the next three decades. By now\, 145 countries covering close to 90% of the global emissions have announced or are considering net zero targets by 2050 or 2070. However\, policies and action put in place so far in most countries are insufficient for achieving their targets. Bolder policy measures need to be passed and implemented—an effort whose success\, as numerous experiences of failed attempts have shown\, critically depends on the level of public support (or acceptance\, at least) behind the policy initiatives. This paper provides a systematic review of the large and growing research into the determinants of public support for climate policy initiatives. Our review aims to achieve three goals. Firstly\, we provide an updated review of the literature\, which has grown significantly since the publication of previous reviews\, and we cover all policy types (aimed at climate mitigation) and all researched determining factors for public support. Secondly\, we provide a rigorous and ML-assisted analysis of the research landscape in this area\, and we\, in particular\, delineate the gaps still existing in the literature\, as well as the key questions that are still open. Thirdly\, we synthesise the state-of-the-art knowledge on political feasibility of climate policies\, and we formulate our synthesis around an integrative framework well-suited to inform future policy design with view of the public’s perception and acceptance.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/a-systematic-review-of-the-literature-on-determinants-of-public-acceptance-of-climate-policies/
LOCATION:H 0104 (Elinor Ostrom Hall)
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T114122Z
CREATED:20240508T112542Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T114122Z
UID:10000145-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Long-term Degradation Rate of Photovoltaic Modules: A Meta-analysis
DESCRIPTION:A critical factor in determining the ecological and economic benefits of photovoltaic investments is the projected lifespan of the installed photovoltaic modules. Therefore\, a well-founded estimate of the decline in power output over an extended period is essential in assessing whether an installation under a specific set of conditions can meet performance expectations. This power decline\, commonly referred to as degradation rate\, is dependent on multiple factors that result in a large heterogeneity of contingency factors determining the degradation rate. To derive the summarized effect of all reported degradation rates of outdoor exposed photovoltaic modules across the academic literature and explain the large differences observed\, we conducted a meta-regression analysis of 85 primary studies reporting 699 observations for the degradation rate. Using a wide set of moderator variables\, including geographical characteristics\, installation differences\, methodological differences\, and publication characteristics\, the analysis revealed a median degradation rate of 0.94 %/year\, with the cell technology\, mounting location\, and methodological differences being the main drivers of heterogeneity in reported degradation rate observations. Interestingly\, technological advances have not been found to systematically reduce reported degradation rates. Finally\, we use the meta-regression results to derive an implied degradation rate under best practice conditions and found the widely employed crystalline silicon modules degrade at rates of 0.39 % to 1.44 %/year. In contrast\, thin-film modules exhibit degradation rates twice as high at around 2 %/year. Consequently\, the empirical literature suggests a projected lifespan of 51 years under the most favorable conditions\, i.e.\, a well-ventilated installation of crystalline silicon modules mounted in cold climate conditions. The results of this study can guide future research as we summarize the status quo of the academic evidence on photovoltaic degradation. Moreover\, the aggregated degradations can serve as a benchmark for future photovoltaic investment decisions.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/mapping-and-synthesising-the-rigorous-evidence-base-of-sustainable-energy-in-lmics/
LOCATION:H 0107
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T114041Z
CREATED:20240508T112442Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T114041Z
UID:10000144-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Systematic review of the achieved emissions reductions of carbon offset projects across all major sectors
DESCRIPTION:Many net-zero emission targets by governments and fi¬rms rely on offsetting emissions. Several studies have raised concerns about the environmental integrity of individual offset projects\, though systematic evidence is missing. We synthesised existing rigorous empirical studies evaluating 2\,353 offset projects across all major offset sectors. Our analysis shows that offset projects achieved considerably lower emissions reductions than officially claimed. We estimate that only 12 % of the total volume of existing credits across four major sectors constitute real emissions reductions\, with 0 % for wind power\, 0 % for improved forest management\, 9.6 % for cookstoves\, 22.1 % for REDD+ and 59.6 % for chemical processes. Our results thus indicate that 88% of the total credit volume across these four sectors in the voluntary carbon market does not constitute real emissions reductions. This offset achievement gap corresponds to almost twice the annual German CO2 emissions. Our results do not apply to novel and permanent carbon removal methods that are currently emerging.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/systematic-review-of-the-achieved-emissions-reductions-of-carbon-offset-projects-across-all-major-sectors/
LOCATION:H 0107
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T113509Z
CREATED:20240508T112244Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T113509Z
UID:10000142-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Co-benefits of CO2 emission reduction from China’s green finance pilot policy between 2012-2020
DESCRIPTION:At present nearly 150 countries and regions are ready to propose or have already proposed carbon neutral targets\, and finance is a key issue in global climate governance. China has pledged to “strive to reach the peak before 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060”\, which requires up to 100 trillion yuan of financial support\, urgently needs the financial system to support green investment and financing activities in a market-oriented way.The green finance reform and Innovation Demonstration Zone is an important practice of green finance in China and plays an important role in addressing climate change.In this paper\, 8 green finance pilot cities in China and the other 269 prefecture-level cities between 2012-2020 are selected as the research objects\, and the effect and mechanism of pollution reduction and carbon reduction policies in the pilot area are deeply studied\, and the DID model and the mediation effect model be conducted empirical analysis .The results show that the China’s green finance pilot policy of the experimental area has a remarkable effect on reducing pollution and carbon emissions\, and the effect is increasing year by year. From the study of the mechanism of the policy in the green finance pilot cities\, it is found that the policy mainly exerts the effect of reducing pollution and carbon through optimizing the energy consumption structure and promoting the upgrading of industrial structure.Based on this\,it should focus on the optimization of energy structure and the upgrading of industrial structure\, increase green technology innovation\, and improve policies according to local conditions to promote the further development of the pilot cities.In addition\, it is necessary to give play to the demonstration role of the pilot zone policy\, promote its advanced experience\, and promote other cities across the country to jointly contribute to China’s “double carbon” goal
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/co-benefits-of-co2-emission-reduction-from-chinas-green-finance-pilot-policy-between-2012-2020/
LOCATION:H 0107
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T113417Z
CREATED:20240508T112129Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T113417Z
UID:10000141-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Adding Water to the Nexus: A Systematic Review of Carbon\, Biodiversity\, and Water Offsetting
DESCRIPTION:Offsetting has become an increasingly prominent instrument in climate and environmental policy. The focus here is primarily on carbon and biodiversity offsetting\, with water being added as a new type of offset. In the discussions to date\, these three offsetting types have largely been considered in isolation. This could lead to new externalities caused by the individual offset types that are not taken into account\, such as neglecting the impact on biodiversity when planting tree monocultures for a carbon offsetting project. To enable multi-dimensional environmental policy\, a nexus approach is needed to assess carbon\, biodiversity and water offsetting and identify potential synergies and trade-offs. The aim of this work is twofold: to introduce water as a new offsetting type and to illustrate the intersection between the different offsetting types. This contribution aims to facilitate such a nexus approach\, with a systematic literature review\, using the AI-aided open source systematic review software AS Reviewer to support an efficient evidence synthesis. The results provide a comparison of the three offsetting types alongside multiple offsetting characteristics including mitigation hierarchy\, net-discourse\, and project types. In this way\, we can outline the commonalities of offset types along with the mitigation hierarchies and contrast them with a discussion of their differences using the discourses of carbon neutrality\, no-net loss\, and water neutrality. The results additionally indicate that publications dealing with at least two offsetting types are still scarce. Publications that meet this criterion\, for example\, discuss ways of pooling different types of offsets (credit stacking and bundling) or propose carbon credits as a financing mechanism for water offsetting. With this systematic literature review\, we give insights into the complex relationships between carbon\, biodiversity\, and water offsetting. The results serve as a building block to develop comprehensive and multi-dimensional environmental policies.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/adding-water-to-the-nexus-a-systematic-review-of-carbon-biodiversity-and-water-offsetting/
LOCATION:H 0107
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T113329Z
CREATED:20240508T112020Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T113329Z
UID:10000140-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Systematic review of the effectiveness of green financial policies in re-directing finance flows in line with the Paris Agreement
DESCRIPTION:Reaching a pathway towards net zero GHG emissions requires massive investments in low-carbon infrastructure. At the same time\, it is crucial to rapidly transition finance away from fossil assets. Accordingly\, the redirection of finance flows is a key objective of the Paris Agreement (Art. 2.1c). Over the last decade\, countries have started to enact policies to influence financial actors to this end\, with 136 such “green financial policies” reported as of 2019 in the OECD alone (cf. Steffen 2021 ERL). While it is generally agreed that such green financial policies can complement “real economy” policies like carbon pricing\, technology subsidies\, or energy sector regulation\, the actual impact of financial policy interventions is poorly understood. Conceptual studies suggest a variety of potential outcomes: Effects on firms’ emission intensity\, re-allocation of capital between high-carbon/low-carbon firms\, and also intermediate outcomes that eventually lead to a change in emission intensity or capital allocation (e.g.\, quality of climate-related financial disclosures\, mark-ups/discounts in the cost of capital). An increasing body of primary empirical research evaluates past interventions\, with numerous studies studying especially disclosure requirements\, green state investment banks\, and interventions by central banks. However\, the piecemeal evidence base has not been synthesized so far\, making it hard to derive learnings that apply across regional and time-specific contexts. To fill this gap\, we conduct a systematic review of green financial policy effectiveness in OECD countries. As a first step\, we present a rigorous qualitative synthesis of evidence concerning impact channels and outcome measures (drawing on both empirical studies and computational modeling studies). Building on its result\, the second step uses empirical literature only and conducts a quantitative meta-analysis concerning the impact of climate-related disclosure requirements\, and green state investment banks. We also derive important research gaps and avenues forward for green financial policy analysis.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/systematic-review-of-the-effectiveness-of-green-financial-policies-in-re-directing-finance-flows-in-line-with-the-paris-agreement/
LOCATION:H 0107
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240531T075143Z
CREATED:20240508T105901Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T075143Z
UID:10000126-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Geospatial Impact Evaluation of Agricultural Intensification Program in Niger
DESCRIPTION:Climate change is exacerbating food insecurity around the world\, particularly in drought-prone areas that are already highly vulnerable\, such as the Sahel region of West Africa. To improve food security and resilience\, the government of Niger\, with funding from the West African Development Bank (BOAD)\, implemented a multi-faceted agricultural production intensification program in 2011 (PIPA/SA). We employ geospatial data (spectral indices from Landsat-7 imagery) and a synthetic difference-in-differences (SDID) design to measure the impact of this program (irrigation and land rehabilitation efforts) on agricultural production\, water availability\, siltation\, and desertification (using proxies for “level of greenness” such as NDVI\, SAVI\, etc.). Determining the impact of this program will inform the Government of Niger’s future policy and programming related to climate change mitigation/adaptation and food intensification\, with implications for human health\, nutrition\, livelihoods\, and economic development more broadly. \nThis project contributes to the evidence base on climate and nutrition interventions\, and provides more evidence on the benefits and application of geospatial/remote sensing data in climate-related impact evaluation.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/geospatial-impact-evaluation-of-agricultural-intensification-program-in-niger/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240531T075101Z
CREATED:20240508T105757Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T075101Z
UID:10000125-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Urban form features determine spatio-temporal variation of ambient temperature: Assessing the transferability of land Use classes effect across diverse Urban Contexts
DESCRIPTION:Driven by ongoing urbanization and accelerated global warming\, urban heat stress develops into a major threat for a large part of the world population. While the literature is clear about the relevance of urban form in modifying urban heat\, the spatially explicit context of heat modifications by the built environment is insufficiently explored across cities. Here we develop a consistent methodology based on a machine learning model to determine the predictive features of urban form that shape urban ambient temperature (AT) under different urban and climate conditions. For this\, we combine urban climate data at 100 m resolution from the UrbClim model with urban form features computed from different open datasets. We exemplify our innovation by evaluating summer daytime and nighttime temperature variation within three European cities that are representative of distinct geographies and climates: Berlin\, Zürich\, and Sevilla. Mean AT at dense urban spots was higher by 3 ◦C (on average) during summer\ncompared to sub-urban sites across all cities. We find that urban form features explain around 2/3 of within-city temperature variations. Vegetation cover and water bodies are most significant in explaining spatial temperature patterns during the daytime\, while the impervious land cover is most critical at nighttime. Cooling effect of water areas can accumulate to – 1.5 ◦C\, while heating effects of roads can induce +0.5 ◦C during daytime. The magnitude of effects varies across cities\, primarily based on the climate type\, altitude\, and dominant land-cover. However\, further testing should be conducted to develop a better understanding of impact variations. The findings of this research will provide urban planners and policymakers with crucial insights towards heat mitigation and sustainable urban developments through region-tailored modifications and replacement of land-cover.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/urban-form-features-determine-spatio-temporal-variation-of-ambient-temperature-assessing-the-transferability-of-land-use-classes-effect-across-diverse-urban-contexts/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240531T075017Z
CREATED:20240508T105505Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240531T075017Z
UID:10000123-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Current challenges in agricultural intensification and land use change in Latin America: land sparing\, land sharing\, rebound effect\, and leakage.
DESCRIPTION:Humanity faces a double threat: burgeoning food demand from a growing population and ecological degradation fueled by agricultural expansion. Crop production can be increased through cropland expansion (more land)\, and crop intensification (producing more per unit of cropland). Embracing sustainable intensification on existing agricultural land rather than the unsustainable quest for ever-greater acreage has been proposed. This approach is known as land-sparing. Nevertheless\, there is a risk that land sparing can lead to a rebound effect where increased yields lead to increased demand for agricultural products\, which in turn drives further expansion of cropland. In addition to these challenges\, there is also the risk of leakage\, where land use change in an area is caused by land use change in another area. This can happen when global markets allow for the transfer of agricultural products from one region to another. With 23% of the world’s arable land\, 46% of tropical forests\, and 31% of freshwater\, Latin America possesses unparalleled potential for revolutionizing food production. By embracing sustainable intensification and conserving natural ecosystems\, the region can nourish a growing population without further deforestation\, protect vital ecosystems\, safeguard biodiversity mitigating climate change\, and become a global leader in sustainable food production. While studies have explored land sparing\, land sharing\, rebound effects\, and leakage in Latin America\, significant regional gaps remain. Existing research often lacks integration into the causes and consequences of these phenomena in diverse local contexts and potential pathways for the effective implementation of sustainable solutions. This study employs an evidence synthesis approach (https://asreview.nl/) to comprehensively analyze the existing literature. Our goal is to identify the main drivers and consequences of crop expansion and intensification across Latin America exploring potential pathways for policy implementation that fosters sustainable food production while protecting the environment.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/current-challenges-in-agricultural-intensification-and-land-use-change-in-latin-america-land-sparing-land-sharing-rebound-effect-and-leakage/
LOCATION:H 0112
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T100126Z
CREATED:20240508T094714Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T100126Z
UID:10000093-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Women are under-represented in adaptation policy research and are more likely to emphasise justice topics
DESCRIPTION:This paper is the first to analyse the role of women authors in fostering justice-relevant topics in climate adaptation research.\nAs representation\, citation and payment patterns remain gender-biased across scientific disciplines\, we explore the case of climate science\, particularly adaptation\, as its most human-oriented facet. In climate research and policy\, there has been a recent surge of interest in climate justice topics. Between the latest assessment cycles of the IPCC (AR5 and AR6)\, mentions\nof justice in the reports of the Working Group on Impacts\, Adaptation and Vulnerability have increased almost 10-fold. We conduct a systematic examination of the topic space in the adaptation policy scholarship. As it is a vast and rapidly growing field\, we use topic modelling\, an unsupervised machine learning method\, to identify the literature on climate justice and related fields and examine the relationship between topic prevalence and the gender of the authors. We find climate change adaptation policy research to be male dominated\, with women holding 38.8% of first and 28.8% of last authorships. However\, we observe topic-specific variability\, whereby the shares of female authors are higher among publications on justice-relevant\ntopics. Female authorship is highly linked to topics such as Community\, Local Knowledge\, and Governance\, but less to Food Security and Climate Finance. Our findings corroborate the evidence that female authors play a significant role in advancing the research and dialogue on the relationship between climate change and areas that have meaningful impact on lives of women and other marginalised groups.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/women-are-under-represented-in-adaptation-policy-research-and-are-more-likely-to-emphasise-justice-topics/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T100047Z
CREATED:20240508T094339Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T100047Z
UID:10000092-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Multilingual topic modelling international collaborations: lessons from United Nations initiatives on food\, water and climate
DESCRIPTION:In a variety of domains\, the United Nations (UN) asks countries and other actors to submit large volumes of documents. Natural Language Processing\, especially topic modelling\, can be used to gain insights into such datasets and their underlying politics. Here\, we use topic models to analyse three different UN processes: the Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement\, the Food Systems Summit and the Water Action Agenda. We find marked similarities\, despite the differing domains and underlying politics: submissions broadly represent the interests of the submitting party; moreover\, many submissions discuss fairly general topics\, while regionally dominant- and politically sensitive topics are either left out of the submissions (e.g. dietary change) or left out of official summaries (the Global Stocktake). We discuss the consequences for transparency efforts at the international level and share practical lessons on the topic modelling of multilingual datasets. BERTopic\, in particular\, can make use of recent advances in Large Language Models to create multilingual topic models without the need for translation. At present\, however\, it is also a more complex model to understand and fine-tune\, so we discuss when it is appropriate to use such methods over more established alternatives\, such as non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Overall\, we stress that multilingual data sources can and should be considered more to address structural data inequalities in the tracking of climate impacts and adaptation\, especially given the continuing rapid advances in multilingual NLP.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/multilingual-topic-modelling-international-collaborations-lessons-from-united-nations-initiatives-on-food-water-and-climate/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240611T110000
DTSTAMP:20240529T100015Z
CREATED:20240508T094225Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240529T100015Z
UID:10000091-1718098200-1718103600@whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Evidence synthesis of data for tracking progress on adaptation globally
DESCRIPTION:Tracking progress to reduce climate change risks through adaptation has become a topic of significant political interest and debate. Especially under the Paris Agreement’s Global Stocktake and Global Goal on Adaptation\, there are increasing calls for ways to assess progress on adaptation globally. The COP28 decision text includes calls for an iterative adaptation cycle assessment framework for seven key thematic targets: water\, food\, health\, ecosystems\, infrastructure and settlements\, poverty and livelihoods\, and cultural heritage. \nYet there are many epistemological\, normative\, methodological\, and practical challenges for tracking progress. For example\, defining and determining “”progress”” is contested\, with varying adaptation outcomes across societies. Methodologically\, the choice between qualitative and quantitative approaches\, as well as the selection of appropriate indicators\, remains a point of political contention. Practical issues include incomplete or low-quality data\, lack of detail and nuance in indicators\, and difficulties in obtaining local or subnational data\, particularly in places where adaptation is needed most. \nThe main objective of this paper is to provide a systematic assessment of existing datasets from various sources\, including reports\, scientific papers\, and online repositories. We validate our results with an expert panel. The evidence synthesis provides key datasets with conceptually clear indicators and data\, and assessing evidence gaps and limitations. We use these insights to reflect on how feasible existing datasets are to assess progress on adaptation globally and what additional steps may be needed.
URL:https://whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/evidence-synthesis-of-data-for-tracking-progress-on-adaptation-globally/
LOCATION:H 0111
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR